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Shloka 37

Puruṣottama-yoga

The Discipline of the Supreme Person) — Chapter 15 (Bhagavadgītā

कस्माच्च ते न नमेरन्‌ महात्मन्‌ गरीयसे ब्रह्मणो<प्यादिकर्त्रें । अनन्त देवेश जगन्निवास त्वमक्षरं सदसत्तत्परं यत्‌,हे महात्मन्‌! ब्रह्माके भी आदिकर्ता और सबसे बड़े आपके लिये वे कैसे नमस्कार न करें; क्योंकि हे अनन्त! हे देवेश! हे जगन्निवास!* जो सत्‌ू, असत्‌ और उनसे परे अक्षर अर्थात्‌ सच्चिदानन्दघन ब्रह्म है, वह आप ही हैं+

arjuna uvāca | kasmāc ca te na nameran mahātman garīyase brahmaṇo 'py ādikartre | ananta deveśa jagannivāsa tvam akṣaraṃ sad-asat tat-paraṃ yat ||

हे महात्मन्! ब्रह्म्याच्याही आदिकर्त्या आणि ब्रह्म्याहूनही महान् असलेल्या तुम्हाला ते नमस्कार का करणार नाहीत? हे अनंत! हे देवेश! हे जगन्निवास! जे सत्, असत् आणि त्यांच्याही पलीकडचे अक्षर तत्त्व आहे, ते तुम्हीच आहात.

कस्मात्from what cause/why
कस्मात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Dative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नमेरन्would bow
नमेरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootनम्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
महात्मन्O great-souled one
महात्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
गरीयसेto the greater/superior (one)
गरीयसे:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootगरीयस्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
ब्रह्मणःthan Brahmā
ब्रह्मणः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
आदिकर्त्रेto the prime creator
आदिकर्त्रे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootआदिकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
अनन्तO infinite one
अनन्त:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनन्त
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
देवेशO lord of gods
देवेश:
TypeNoun
Rootदेवेश
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जगन्निवासO abode of the world
जगन्निवास:
TypeNoun
Rootजगन्निवास
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
अक्षरम्the imperishable (Brahman)
अक्षरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सत्being/existent
सत्:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसत्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
असत्non-being/non-existent
असत्:
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअसत्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
परम्beyond/supreme
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
K
Krishna (addressed as Mahātman, Ananta, Deveśa, Jagannivāsa)
B
Brahmā
S
Sat
A
Asat
A
Akṣara (Imperishable Brahman)

Educational Q&A

The verse affirms the supremacy of the Divine (here Krishna in the universal form) as the imperishable Absolute (akṣara), transcending conceptual opposites like sat (being) and asat (non-being). Ethically, it models reverence and humility: recognizing the highest principle as worthy of universal homage, beyond even the cosmic creator Brahmā.

After witnessing the cosmic, awe-inspiring universal form, Arjuna responds with worshipful praise. He explains that all beings naturally bow to Krishna because Krishna is the Infinite Lord, the refuge of the universe, and the ultimate reality surpassing even Brahmā’s status as creator.