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Shloka 10

Brahmā’s Enumeration of Primacies (Ādi) and the Supremacy of Knowledge

Jñāna

सर्वेषां भक्ष्यभोज्यानामन्नं परममुच्यते । द्रवाणां चैव सर्वेषां पेयानामाप उत्तमा:

sarveṣāṁ bhakṣyabhojyānām annaṁ paramam ucyate | dravāṇāṁ caiva sarveṣāṁ peyānām āpa uttamāḥ ||

वायुदेव म्हणाले—सर्व भक्ष्य-भोज्य पदार्थांमध्ये अन्न परम श्रेष्ठ म्हटले जाते; आणि सर्व द्रवांमध्ये, सर्व पेयांमध्ये, जलच उत्तम आहे.

सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
भक्ष्यभोज्यानाम्of foods (to be eaten and to be enjoyed/consumed)
भक्ष्यभोज्यानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभक्ष्य + भोज्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
अन्नम्food, cooked rice
अन्नम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
परमम्supreme, highest
परमम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis said/called
उच्यते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive (Karmani)
द्रवाणाम्of liquids
द्रवाणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रव
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
पेयानाम्of drinkables
पेयानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपेयं
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
आपःwaters, water
आपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअप्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
उत्तमाःbest, highest
उत्तमाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyu-deva)
अन्न (food/grain)
आपः (water)

Educational Q&A

The verse ranks essentials: among foods, anna (staple nourishment) is foremost; among drinks, water is best. Ethically, it points to honoring basic sustenance as the foundation of life, restraint, and righteous living.

Vāyu-deva is speaking and delivering a concise instruction that elevates fundamental necessities—food and water—over luxuries, reinforcing a dharmic perspective on what truly sustains beings.