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Shloka 32

अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता

Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality

जिन्होंने पुण्य तीर्थोमें गोता लगानेके लिये श्रम--प्रयत्न किया है

bhīṣma uvāca | ye puṇya-tīrtheṣu nimajjanārthaṃ śrama-prayatnaṃ kṛtavantaḥ, veda-mantroccāraṇa-pūrvakam anekān yajñān anuṣṭhāya avabhṛtha-snānaṃ kṛtavantaḥ; ye krodha-rahitāś cañcalatā-rahitāḥ kṣamāśīlā mano-nigrahavantaḥ jitendriyāḥ sarva-bhūta-hitaiṣiṇaś ca, tān eva brāhmaṇān śrāddhe nimantrayitavyān || eteṣu dattam akṣayyam ete vai paṅkti-pāvanāḥ | ime pare mahā-bhāgā vijñeyāḥ paṅkti-pāvanāḥ ||

भीष्म म्हणाले—ज्यांनी पुण्य तीर्थांत स्नान करण्यासाठी श्रम व प्रयत्न केले आहेत, ज्यांनी वेदमंत्रोच्चारपूर्वक अनेक यज्ञांचे अनुष्ठान करून अवभृथ-स्नानाने त्यांची समाप्ती केली आहे; जे क्रोधरहित, चंचलतारहित, क्षमाशील, मनोनिग्रही, जितेंद्रिय आणि सर्व प्राण्यांचे हितचिंतक आहेत—अशा ब्राह्मणांनाच श्राद्धात निमंत्रित करावे. अशा पुरुषांना दिलेले दान अक्षय होते, कारण ते पंक्तिपावन आहेत. यांच्याखेरीजही इतर महाभाग्यवान पंक्तिपावन ब्राह्मण आहेत; त्यांनाही याच प्रकारे योग्य समजावे.

eteṣuamong these / in these (persons)
eteṣu:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootetad
Formmasculine, locative, plural
dattamgiven (gift/charity)
dattam:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootdā (√dā)
Formkta (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
akṣayyamimperishable, inexhaustible
akṣayyam:
TypeAdjective
Rootakṣayya
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
etethese (men)
ete:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootetad
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
vaiindeed, surely
vai:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai
paṅkti-pāvanāḥpurifiers of the (dining) line/row
paṅkti-pāvanāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootpaṅkti-pāvana
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
imethese (others)
ime:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootidam
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
pareother, further
pare:
TypeAdjective
Rootpara
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
mahā-bhāgāḥvery fortunate, highly blessed
mahā-bhāgāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā-bhāga
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
vijñeyāḥare to be known/recognized
vijñeyāḥ:
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√jñā
Formtavya (gerundive), masculine, nominative, plural, passive-necessitative
paṅkti-pāvanāḥpurifiers of the (dining) line/row
paṅkti-pāvanāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootpaṅkti-pāvana
Formmasculine, nominative, plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (Bhīṣma)
B
Brahmins (Brāhmaṇāḥ)
P
puṇya-tīrtha (sacred pilgrimage places)
V
Veda-mantras
Y
yajña (sacrifices)
A
avabhṛtha-snāna
Ś
śrāddha

Educational Q&A

In śrāddha, the worthiness of invitees matters: those who combine Vedic-ritual accomplishment with ethical virtues—non-anger, steadiness, forgiveness, self-restraint, sense-control, and universal benevolence—make the offering ‘akṣayya’ (inexhaustible in merit) and are called paṅkti-pāvanas, purifying the entire dining line.

Bhishma is instructing (as a dharma-teacher) on the proper conduct of śrāddha rites, specifically identifying the kinds of Brahmins who should be invited and explaining why gifts to them yield enduring spiritual results.