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Shloka 5

Ikṣvāku Dynasty: Vikukṣi’s Offense, Purañjaya’s Victory, Māndhātā’s Birth, and Saubhari’s Fall and Renunciation

तेषां पुरस्तादभवन्नार्यावर्ते नृपा नृप । पञ्चविंशति: पश्चाच्च त्रयो मध्येऽपरेऽन्यत: ॥ ५ ॥

teṣāṁ purastād abhavann āryāvarte nṛpā nṛpa pañca-viṁśatiḥ paścāc ca trayo madhye ’pare ’nyataḥ

त्या शंभर पुत्रांपैकी पंचवीस आर्यावर्ताच्या पश्चिम भागात राजा झाले, पंचवीस पूर्व भागात; तीन प्रधान पुत्र मध्यदेशी राज्य करू लागले, आणि उरलेले इतर इतर प्रदेशांत नरेश झाले।

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural), सर्वनाम (Pronoun)
पुरस्तात्in front; to the east/before
पुरस्तात्:
देशाधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative sense as adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb)
अभवन्were; existed
अभवन्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद
आर्यावर्तेin Āryāvarta
आर्यावर्ते:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootआर्यावर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/सप्तमी), एकवचन (Singular); समास: आर्य + आवर्त (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः, ‘आऱ्याणाम् आवर्तः’)
नृपाःkings
नृपाः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), बहुवचन (Plural)
नृपO king
नृप:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन (Singular)
पञ्चविंशतिःtwenty-five
पञ्चविंशतिः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंशति (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular); संख्या (Numeral); द्विगु-समास: पञ्च + विंशति (25)
पश्चात्behind; to the west/afterwards
पश्चात्:
देशाधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative sense as adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb)
and
:
समुच्चय (Coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), समुच्चय (Conjunction)
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), बहुवचन (Plural); संख्या (Numeral)
मध्येin the middle
मध्ये:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/सप्तमी), एकवचन (Singular)
अपरेothers
अपरे:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), बहुवचन (Plural)
अन्यतःfrom another side; elsewhere
अन्यतः:
अपादान (Apādāna/Source-direction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यतः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), दिशावाचक/अपादानार्थक (Directional/ablatival adverb)
P
Parīkṣit Mahārāja

FAQs

This verse notes that many kings arose in Āryāvarta from the described lineage—counting specific numbers in earlier and later branches—indicating an extensive dynastic spread in the Vedic heartland.

Śukadeva is summarizing genealogical branches to map the flow of dynasties efficiently, showing how royal lines expanded across Āryāvarta without narrating every ruler in full detail.

It encourages seeing history through dharma—valuing lineage not merely as bloodline, but as responsibility to preserve culture, truthfulness, and principled leadership in one’s own sphere.