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Shloka 31

Brahmā’s Day, the Four Pralayas, and the Supreme Shelter Beyond Cause–Effect

यथा हिरण्यं बहुधा समीयते नृभि: क्रियाभिर्व्यवहारवर्त्मसु । एवं वचोभिर्भगवानधोक्षजो व्याख्यायते लौकिकवैदिकैर्जनै: ॥ ३१ ॥

yathā hiraṇyaṁ bahudhā samīyate nṛbhiḥ kriyābhir vyavahāra-vartmasu evaṁ vacobhir bhagavān adhokṣajo vyākhyāyate laukika-vaidikair janaiḥ

जसे लोक आपापल्या प्रयोजनानुसार व्यवहारमार्गात सोन्याचा अनेक प्रकारे उपयोग करतात आणि त्यामुळे ते विविध रूपांनी ओळखले जाते, तसेच इंद्रियांपलीकडील भगवान् अधोक्षज यांचे वर्णन भिन्न-भिन्न लोक लौकिक व वैदिक शब्दांनी अनेक प्रकारे करतात.

yathājust as
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमानार्थक-सम्बन्धबोधक (indeclinable; comparative/illustrative ‘as/just as’)
hiraṇyamgold
hiraṇyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roothiraṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन (neuter; nominative/accusative singular)
bahudhāin many ways
bahudhā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbahudhā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
samīyateis evaluated/assayed; is determined
samīyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√i (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान); आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन (present indicative; 3rd sg; middle)
nṛbhiḥby men
nṛbhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन (masculine; instrumental plural)
kriyābhiḥby actions/operations
kriyābhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन (feminine; instrumental plural)
vyavahāra-vartmasuin the paths of transactions/practical dealings
vyavahāra-vartmasu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvyavahāra (प्रातिपदिक) + vartman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी विभक्ति; बहुवचन (neuter; locative plural); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (determinative: ‘paths of dealings/transactions’)
evamthus
evam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (indeclinable; manner ‘thus’)
vacobhiḥby words/speech
vacobhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvacas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन (neuter; instrumental plural)
bhagavānthe Blessed Lord
bhagavān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन (masculine; nominative singular)
adhokṣajaḥAdhokṣaja (beyond sense-perception)
adhokṣajaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootadhokṣaja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन (masculine; nominative singular); भेदक-विशेषणरूपेण ‘भगवान्’ इति (appositional epithet to ‘bhagavān’)
vyākhyāyateis explained/expounded
vyākhyāyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-ā-√khyā (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान); आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन (present indicative; 3rd sg; middle/passive sense ‘is explained’)
laukika-vaidikaiḥby worldly and Vedic (people)
laukika-vaidikaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootlaukika (प्रातिपदिक) + vaidika (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन (masculine; instrumental plural); इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (copulative: ‘worldly and Vedic’)
janaiḥby people
janaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootjana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन (masculine; instrumental plural)

All those who are not pure devotees of the Supreme Lord are basically trying to exploit the Lord and His energies. According to their strategy of exploitation, they conceive of and describe the Absolute Truth in various ways. In Bhagavad-gītā and Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam the Absolute Truth presents Himself as He actually is for the benefit of sincere people who do not foolishly try to conceptually manipulate the Supreme Godhead.

A
Adhokṣaja (Bhagavān)

FAQs

This verse says the Lord is Adhokṣaja—beyond material sense perception—yet He can be meaningfully explained through words, especially via Vedic revelation, though people also use worldly reasoning and analogies.

He uses a familiar example: just as gold’s value is determined through different practical tests, the Supreme Lord is discussed and articulated in multiple ways—yet He remains transcendental and not reducible to mere material measurement.

Rely primarily on Vedic śabda (scriptural sound) and faithful hearing, using worldly examples only as supportive aids—remembering that the Lord ultimately transcends material categories and speculation.