मित्रादात्मवृद्धिं हि प्राप्नोति क्षयव्ययप्रवासपरोपकारानितरः ॥ कZ_०७.८.१८ ॥
mitrād ātmavṛddhiṃ hi prāpnoti kṣayavyaya-pravāsa-paropakārān itaraḥ
मित्राकडून नक्कीच स्वतःची वाढ/उन्नती मिळते; पण दुसरा (अमित्र) नाश, खर्च, प्रवास/निर्वासन आणि परहितासाठीची ‘मदत’ आणतो.
Alliances should be evaluated by measurable state-gain (power, revenue, security), not by sentiment; a friend is defined by net positive strategic outcomes.
As a bundle of strategic negatives: depletion (kṣaya), fiscal drain (vyaya), strategic displacement (pravāsa), and ‘assistance’ that primarily benefits others (paropakāra).