Sutra 16

Devanagari script

अनुदके चक्रिचतुष्पदं चाध्वप्रमाणेन शक्त्योदकं वाहयेत् ॥ कZ_१०.२.१६ ॥

Transliteration

anudake cakricatuṣpadaṃ cādhvapramāṇena śaktyodakaṃ vāhayet

Translation

पाणी उपलब्ध नसताना, प्रवासाच्या अंतरानुसार व वहनक्षमतेप्रमाणे गाड्या व वाहक पशूंनी पाणी वाहून न्यावे।

Word by Word

• अनुदके: in a waterless place/region
• Type: Noun/Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अनुदक
• Form: सप्तमी एकवचनम् (locative singular), नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; ‘अनुदक’ = ‘उदकं नास्ति यस्मिन्’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्ययम्

• क्रिचतुष्पदम्: purchased goods and four-footed animals (livestock)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: क्रि + चतुष्पद
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमासः; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम् (समाहारद्वन्द्व-प्रयोगः); ‘क्रि’ = ‘क्रय’ (purchase), ‘चतुष्पद’ = four-footed animals

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्ययम्

• अध्वप्रमाणेन: according to the route-distance measure
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: अध्व + प्रमाण
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः; तृतीया एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; ‘अध्वस्य प्रमाणम्’ = distance-measure

• शक्त्या: by means of a water-skin (portable container)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्ति
• Form: तृतीया एकवचनम्, स्त्रीलिङ्गम्; करण/हेतौ प्रयोगः (‘by means of / using’)

• उदकम्: water
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदक
• Form: द्वितीया एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; कर्म

• वाहयेत्: should have (it) carried / should transport
• Type: Verb
• Root: वह्
• Form: लोट्/विधिलिङ् (आज्ञा/विधानार्थ), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष एकवचनम्; causative sense in usage: ‘to have carried/transport’

Entities Mentioned

• carts (cakri)
• pack animals (catuṣpada)
• water supply

More Details

FAQs

What administrative principle is implied by 'adhvapramāṇena śaktyodakaṃ'?

Provisioning must be calculated (route-length) and feasible (capacity), i.e., logistics is a quantified plan, not an ad hoc decision.

Why mention both carts and pack animals?

It signals mixed transport modes for redundancy and terrain adaptability—an early articulation of resilient logistics.