Adhyakshaprachara Adhyaya 6 Sutra 23 - Arthashastra | Marathi | Vedapath

Sutra 23

Devanagari script

नित्यो नित्योत्पादिको लाभो लाभोत्पादिक इति व्ययः ॥ कZ_०२.६.२३ ॥

Transliteration

nityo nityotpādiko lābho lābhotpādika iti vyayaḥ

Translation

आय दोन प्रकारचा—(1) नित्य—नियमित/पुनःपुन्हा होणारा; आणि (2) नित्योत्पादक—जो नित्य आय निर्माण करतो. व्यय तो, जो लाभ निर्माण करतो (लाभोत्पादक).

Word by Word

नित्यःpermanent, recurring (regular)

नित्य-उत्पादिकःregularly revenue-producing

लाभःgain; income; revenue

लाभ-उत्पादिकःgain-producing; revenue-generating

इतिthus; as (so defined)

व्ययःexpenditure; outlay; expense

Entities Mentioned

nitya (recurring income)

nityotpādika (income-producing base)

vyaya (expenditure)

lābha (profit)

How does Kauṭilya distinguish between nitya and nityotpādika?

Nitya is the recurring flow itself; nityotpādika refers to the source or activity that generates a recurring flow.

What is the policy implication of defining vyaya as lābhotpādika?

State spending should be evaluated and prioritized by its capacity to generate returns (profit/revenue), not merely by outlay.