Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 82

Devanagari script

एकचक्ररथो मित्रो मंदेहारिस्तमिस्रहा । दैत्यहा पापहर्ता च धर्मोधर्म प्रकाशकः

Transliteration

ekacakraratho mitro maṃdehāristamisrahā | daityahā pāpahartā ca dharmodharma prakāśakaḥ

Translation

ഏകചക്രരഥൻ, മിത്രൻ, മന്ദേഹന്മാരുടെ സംഹാരകൻ, തമിസ്രാ-അന്ധകാരനാശകൻ; ദൈത്യഹാ, പാപഹർത്താവ്, ധർമാധർമപ്രകാശകൻ—ഇവ സൂര്യദേവന്റെ നാമങ്ങളാണ്.

Word by Word

• एकचक्ररथः: one whose chariot has a single wheel
• एकचक्ररथः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक) + चक्र (प्रातिपदिक) + रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; द्विगु-पूर्वपद (एक-) सहितः

• मित्रः: Mitra (friend; solar deity)
• मित्रः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मंदेहारिः: enemy of the Mandehas
• मंदेहारिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्देह (प्रातिपदिक) + अरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तमिस्रहा: destroyer of darkness
• तमिस्रहा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमिस्र (प्रातिपदिक) + ह (कृदन्त; √हन् (धातु) + क्विप्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्विप्-प्रत्ययान्त (slayer)

• दैत्यहा: slayer of demons
• दैत्यहा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैत्य (प्रातिपदिक) + ह (कृदन्त; √हन् (धातु) + क्विप्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्विप्-प्रत्ययान्त

• पापहर्ता: remover of sin
• पापहर्ता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक) + हर्तृ (कृदन्त; √हृ (धातु) + तृच्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तृच्-प्रत्ययान्त (remover)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• धर्मः: Dharma; righteousness
• धर्मः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अधर्मः: Adharma; unrighteousness
• अधर्मः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रकाशकः: revealer; illuminator
• प्रकाशकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग) + √काश् (धातु) + ण्वुल् (कृदन्त: प्रकाशक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ण्वुल्-प्रत्ययान्त (illuminator/revealer)

Speaker

Skanda

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī-kṣetra (general context)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Sūrya on a single-wheeled chariot (ekacakra) cutting through darkness; shadowy Mandeha demons dissolving at dawn; a beam of light revealing a scale-like motif of dharma vs adharma.

Characters & Entities

• Sūrya
• Mitra
• Mandeha (daityas)
• Dharma
• Adharma

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sūrya is moral illumination itself—by his light, dharma is known and sin is dispelled.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The hymn is embedded in the Kāśīkhaṇḍa’s Kāśī-centered teaching tradition.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No specific ritual is detailed beyond praising/reciting these names for purification.