Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 37

Devanagari script

तपांसि नानारूपाणि व्रतानि नियमा यमाः । सिंधूनामपि संभेदा अरण्यानि बहून्यपि

Transliteration

tapāṃsi nānārūpāṇi vratāni niyamā yamāḥ | siṃdhūnāmapi saṃbhedā araṇyāni bahūnyapi

Translation

നാനാരൂപത്തിലുള്ള തപസ്സുകൾ, വ്രതങ്ങൾ, നിയമങ്ങൾ, യമങ്ങൾ; നദികളുടെ പലവിധ ഭേദങ്ങൾ; അനേകം അരണ്യങ്ങളും—ഇവയും (സാധനങ്ങളായി) പറയപ്പെടുന്നു.

Word by Word

• तपांसि: austerities
• तपांसि: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• नाना: various
• नाना: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नाना (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिकवत्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; 'रूपाणि' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• रूपाणि: forms; kinds
• रूपाणि: Visheshana (Appositional qualifier/विशेषणार्थ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; 'तपांसि' इत्यस्य विशेषणार्थक-सम्बन्धः (विविधरूपाणि)

• व्रतानि: vows; observances
• व्रतानि: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• नियमाः: disciplines; restraints
• नियमाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नियम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• यमाः: ethical restraints (yamas)
• यमाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• सिन्धूनाम्: of rivers
• सिन्धूनाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (निपात/particle)

• सम्भेदाः: divisions; varieties
• सम्भेदाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्भेद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• अरण्यानि: forests
• अरण्यानि: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• बहूनि: many
• बहूनि: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; 'अरण्यानि' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• अपि: also; even
• अपि: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (निपात/particle)

Speaker

Skanda (deduced; Kāśī-khaṇḍa commonly Skanda speaking to Agastya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Generic river-tīrthas and forest-araṇyas (not a single named site)

Type: ghat

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: null

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A sequence of ascetics performing varied tapas in a forest hermitage; nearby, a river with pilgrims bathing; symbolic scroll listing yama-niyama and vrata as a garland of practices.

Characters & Entities

• Vrata
• Yama
• Niyama
• Tapas

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Many disciplines and sacred environments are honored, yet the surrounding passage aims to show a higher, simpler refuge in Kāśī/Avimukta.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No single tīrtha is named; it references rivers and forests broadly within the Kāśī-khaṇḍa context.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Vratas (vows), tapas (austerities), and ethical disciplines (yama-niyama) are listed.