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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 1

शङ्खचूडस्य मायायुद्धं तथा माहेश्वरास्त्रप्रभावः | Śaṅkhacūḍa’s Māyā-Warfare and the Power of the Māheśvara Astra

Devanagari script

सनत्कुमार उवाच । स्वबलं निहतं दृष्ट्वा मुख्यं बहुतरं ततः । तथा वीरान् प्राणसमान् चुकोपातीव दानवः

Transliteration

sanatkumāra uvāca | svabalaṃ nihataṃ dṛṣṭvā mukhyaṃ bahutaraṃ tataḥ | tathā vīrān prāṇasamān cukopātīva dānavaḥ

Translation

സനത്കുമാരൻ പറഞ്ഞു—തന്റെ സൈന്യം, പ്രത്യേകിച്ച് പ്രധാനവും അനേകം യോദ്ധാക്കളും നിഹതരായതു കണ്ടും, പ്രാണസമാന പ്രിയവീരന്മാരും വീണതു കണ്ടും ആ ദാനവൻ അത്യന്തം ക്രുദ്ധനായി ജ്വലിച്ചു.

Word by Word
सनत्कुमारःSanatkumāra
सनत्कुमारः:
कर्ता (Speaker/subject of ‘said’)
TypeNoun
Rootसनत्-कुमार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नाम; कर्मधारयः ‘सनत् (नित्यः) कुमारः’
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
स्वबलम्his own army/strength
स्वबलम्:
कर्म (Object of seeing)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व-बल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘स्वस्य बलम्’
निहतम्slain, destroyed
निहतम्:
विशेषण (of svabalam)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि√हन् (धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) = slain
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial)
TypeVerb
Root√दृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त/अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund) = having seen
मुख्यम्chief, principal
मुख्यम्:
कर्म (object complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; बलम् इति विशेषण (another object/apposition)
बहुतरम्greater, much more
बहुतरम्:
विशेषण (of mukhyam/balam)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुतर (प्रातिपदिक; बहु + तरप्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तुलनात्मक (comparative)
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
अव्यय-सम्बन्ध (sequence)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; ‘thereupon/then’ (sequence)
तथाthus, in that way
तथा:
अव्यय-सम्बन्ध (manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; manner ‘thus/so’
वीरान्heroes, warriors
वीरान्:
कर्म (Object; whom he regarded as...)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
प्राणसमान्as dear as life
प्राणसमान्:
विशेषण (of vīrān)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राण-सम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘प्राणैः समाः’ = equal to life (as dear as life)
चुकोपbecame angry
चुकोप:
क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√कुप् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अतीवexceedingly
अतीव:
अव्यय-सम्बन्ध (intensity)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतीव (अव्यय)
Formपरिमाण/तीव्रता-वाचक-अव्यय (intensifier adverb)
इवas if, like
इव:
अव्यय-सम्बन्ध (simile)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-वाचक-अव्यय (comparative particle)
दानवःthe Dānava (demon)
दानवः:
कर्ता (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदानव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
Speaker

Sanatkumara

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

FAQs

The verse highlights how krodha (wrath) arises from attachment and loss; in Shaiva understanding, such passions strengthen pāśa (bondage) and obscure discernment, accelerating adharma and downfall.

By contrast: the demon’s rage shows the fruit of ego-driven identification, while Saguna Shiva worship (Linga-upāsanā) trains the mind toward devotion and steadiness, reducing anger and aligning the seeker with Shiva’s grace.

A practical takeaway is japa of the Pañcākṣarī ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") with vibhūti (Tripuṇḍra) and mindful restraint of anger—using mantra to cool the mind when agitation arises.

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