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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 66

राहोः शिरच्छेदन-कारणकथनम् / The Account of Rāhu’s Beheading

Cause and Background

Devanagari script

तदैव सर्वेष्वसुरोऽधिकारेष्विन्द्रादिकानां विनिवेश्य सम्यक् । शुंभादिकान्दैत्यवरान् पृथक्पृथक्स्वयं सुवर्णादिगुहां व्यगान्मुने

Transliteration

tadaiva sarveṣvasuro'dhikāreṣvindrādikānāṃ viniveśya samyak | śuṃbhādikāndaityavarān pṛthakpṛthaksvayaṃ suvarṇādiguhāṃ vyagānmune

Translation

അന്നേ സമയം ആ അസുരൻ ഇന്ദ്രാദി ദേവന്മാരെ അവരുടെ അവരുടെ അധികാരസ്ഥാനങ്ങളിൽ യഥാവിധി സ്ഥാപിച്ചു. പിന്നെ ശുംഭാദി ശ്രേഷ്ഠ ദൈത്യരെ വേർവേർ സ്ഥാനങ്ങളിൽ കാവലായി നിയോഗിച്ച്, ഹേ മുനേ, അവൻ സ്വയം ‘സുവർണ്ണ’ മുതലായ പേരുള്ള ഗുഹയിലേക്കു പോയി।

Word by Word
तदाthen
तदा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
एवindeed/just
एव:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक/अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (particle of emphasis)
सर्वेषुin all
सर्वेषु:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masc/Neut), सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन (Plural)
अधिकारेषुposts/positions of authority
अधिकारेषु:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootअधिकार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन (Plural)
असुरःthe asura (demon)
असुरः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
इन्द्र-आदिकानाम्of Indra and the others
इन्द्र-आदिकानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation) — object-group for placement
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक) + (समूहवाचक) क (प्रातिपदिक-प्रत्ययान्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural) — ‘इन्द्रादयः’ (Indra and others) → इन्द्रादिकाः
विनिवेश्यhaving installed/placed
विनिवेश्य:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action to main verb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि-नि-विश् (धातु) → विनिवेश्य (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive) — ‘having placed/installed’
सम्यक्properly
सम्यक्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक् (अव्यय)
Formरीतिवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)
शुम्भ-आदिकान्Śumbha and others
शुम्भ-आदिकान्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootशुम्भ (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक) + क (प्रातिपदिक-प्रत्ययान्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural) — ‘शुम्भादयः’ → शुम्भादिकान्
दैत्य-वरान्the foremost demons
दैत्य-वरान्:
कर्म (Karma/Object) — apposition to शुम्भादिकान्
TypeNoun
Rootदैत्य (प्रातिपदिक) + वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural) — कर्मधारय: ‘श्रेष्ठाः दैत्याः’ (best of demons)
पृथक्separately
पृथक्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb) — repetition indicates distributive sense
पृथक्each separately
पृथक्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb) — second member of repetition
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Emphasis on subject)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय)
Formकर्तृवाचक-अव्यय (reflexive/emphatic adverb)
सुवर्ण-आदि-गुहाम्the Suvarṇa(-mountain) cave
सुवर्ण-आदि-गुहाम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object) — goal of motion
TypeNoun
Rootसुवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक) + गुहा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular) — ‘सुवर्णादि-’ = ‘सुवर्ण (नाम) आदि यस्य’/‘सुवर्णाद्रि-’ इत्यर्थे पाठभेद-सदृश; cave named/connected with Suvarṇa etc.
व्यगात्went
व्यगात्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-गम् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
मुनेO sage
मुने:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)
Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Characters & Entities
I
Indra
S
Shumbha

FAQs

It contrasts asuric governance—control, redistribution of power, and strategic occupation—with the Shaiva view that true sovereignty belongs to Pati (Shiva) alone; worldly offices shift, but liberation comes through taking refuge in Shiva beyond such changing authorities.

The verse shows instability in cosmic administration under demonic influence; Linga-worship and devotion to Saguna Shiva are presented in the Shiva Purana as the stable refuge that restores dharma when external structures (like Indra’s rule) are overturned.

A practical Shaiva takeaway is to steady the mind with Panchakshara japa (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and maintain Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudraksha as protective disciplines, especially during times of fear, conflict, or social upheaval.

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