Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 16

शिवपुत्रजननवर्णनम् — Description of the Birth/Manifestation of Śiva’s Son

Devanagari script

मां विरोध्य सुखं नैव केषांचिदपि निर्जराः । तस्माद्दुःखं भवेद्वो हि दुष्टानां त्रिदिवौकसाम्

Transliteration

māṃ virodhya sukhaṃ naiva keṣāṃcidapi nirjarāḥ | tasmādduḥkhaṃ bhavedvo hi duṣṭānāṃ tridivaukasām

Translation

എന്നെ വിരോധിച്ചാൽ നിങ്ങളിലെ അമരന്മാരിൽ ആരും ഒരിക്കലും സുഖം പ്രാപിക്കുകയില്ല. അതിനാൽ, ഹേ ദുഷ്ട സ്വർഗ്ഗവാസികളേ, നിങ്ങള്ക്ക് ദുഃഖം മാത്രമേ ഉദിക്കൂ.

Word by Word

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहम् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), एकवचन, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative singular)

• विरोध्य: having opposed
• विरोध्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-रुध् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), ‘विरोध्य’ = having opposed

• सुखम्: happiness
• सुखम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc. singular; here as object)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha/Pratiṣedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• एव: indeed/at all
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• केषाम्: of whom/of any
• केषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: सर्वनाम, बहुवचन, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive plural)

• चित्: some/any
• चित्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (अव्यय)
• Form: अनिश्चितार्थक-अव्यय (indefinite particle, used with interrogatives)

• अपि: even/also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-कार-अव्यय (also/even)

• निर्जराः: the gods (devas)
• निर्जराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निर्जर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative plural)

• तस्मात्: therefore/from that
• तस्मात्: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: सर्वनाम, एकवचन, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative singular)

• दुःखम्: sorrow
• दुःखम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc. singular; here as subject of ‘bhavet’)

• भवेत्: may be/should arise
• भवेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (3rd person singular)

• वः: for you/to you
• वः: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: सर्वनाम, बहुवचन, चतुर्थी/षष्ठी-रूप (Dat./Gen. plural; here dative ‘for you’)

• हि: indeed/for
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (for/indeed)

• दुष्टानाम्: of the wicked
• दुष्टानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण (adjective), पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive plural)

• त्रिदिवौकसाम्: of the dwellers of heaven (gods)
• त्रिदिवौकसाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिदिव-ओकस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष समास (tridiva + okas = dwelling in heaven), पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive plural)

Speaker

Lord Śiva (as the divine commander in the Kumārakhaṇḍa narrative)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Rudra

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Devas

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse teaches that opposition to Śiva—the Pati, the supreme Lord—springs from āṇava (egoic contraction) and inevitably ripens into duḥkha; harmony with Śiva’s will aligns the soul toward śānti and liberation.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Saguna Śiva (worshipped as the Liṅga and Lord with attributes) is approached through reverence and surrender; hostility toward the Lord blocks grace (anugraha), whereas devotion and right orientation open the path to protection and inner auspiciousness.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is to replace opposition with śaraṇāgati (surrender): daily japa of the Pañcākṣarī “Om Namaḥ Śivāya,” along with Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrākṣa as reminders to abandon pride and cultivate devotion.