Rig Veda 1.140.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 140, Mantra 2

Sukta 1.140

Rishi: Kaṇva lineage (traditional for RV 1.140; verify in anukramaṇī)

Devata: Agni (as dvi-janmā)

Chandas: Jagatī or Triṣṭubh (uncertain; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अभि द्विजन्मा त्रिवृदन्नमृज्यते संवत्सरे वावृधे जग्धमी पुनः । अन्यस्यासा जिह्वया जेन्यो वृषा न्यन्येन वनिनो मृष्ट वारणः ॥

Transliteration

abhi dvi-janmā tri-vṛd annam ṛjyate saṃvatsare vāvṛdhe jagdham īm punaḥ | anyasyā sā jihvayā jenyo vṛṣā ny anyena vanino mṛṣṭa vāraṇaḥ ||

Translation

ദ്വിജന്മാ (അഗ്നി) ത്രിവൃത അന്നത്തിനായി അമർത്തി ക്രമത്തിലാക്കപ്പെടുന്നു; സംവത്സരത്തിൽ ഭക്ഷിക്കപ്പെട്ടതിനു ശേഷം അവൻ വീണ്ടും വളരുന്നു. ഒരു ജിഹ്വയാൽ ജയശീല വൃഷഭൻ ആസ്വദിക്കുന്നു; മറ്റൊന്നാൽ വനിൻ (യാചകൻ/അന്വേഷകൻ)മാരെ ശുദ്ധീകരിക്കുന്നു—ബലവാൻ വാരണ (ആന)പോലെ, മൃഷ്ട (പരിശുദ്ധ)നായവൻ.

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Word by Word

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग) / अव्यय

• द्विजन्मा: the twice-born (one having two births)
• द्विजन्मा: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: द्वि + जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) → द्विजन्मन्

• त्रिवृत्: threefold, triply-encompassing
• त्रिवृत्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि + वृत् (प्रातिपदिक) → त्रिवृत्

• अन्नम्: food
• अन्नम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋज्यते: is arranged/ordered, is made ready
• ऋज्यते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ऋज् (धातु; ‘to make straight/arrange, set in order’)

• संवत्सरे: in the year, within the yearly cycle
• संवत्सरे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: संवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)

• वावृधे: has grown, has increased
• वावृधे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (धातु; ‘to grow, increase’)

• जग्धम्: eaten, that which is eaten
• जग्धम्: Karma
• Type: Participle
• Root: ग्रह्/गर्ह्? → गॄ/गॢ? (वेद. ‘to eat’) ; √जघ्/जघस (भक्षणे) से कृदन्त

• इव: as if, like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)

• अन्यस्याः: of another (female), of the other
• अन्यस्याः: —
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आसा: sat, has sat (was seated)
• आसा: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: आस् (धातु; ‘to sit’) / अथवा ‘आस्’ इत्यस्य लिट् रूप

• जिह्वया: with the tongue
• जिह्वया: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिह्वा (प्रातिपदिक)

• जेन्यः: noble, of good stock
• जेन्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जेन्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘of the race/fit for victory, noble’)

• वृषा: the bull (vigorous male)
• वृषा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• नि: down, into
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अन्येन: with another (one), by another
• अन्येन: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वनिनः: of the forest-one / of the wooded (one)
• वनिनः: —
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वनिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wooded/forest-dwelling; possessing wood/forest’)

• मृष्ट: cleansed, polished
• मृष्ट: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: मृज् (धातु; ‘to wipe, cleanse, polish’)

• वारणः: the elephant / the restrainer (lit. ‘warder’)
• वारणः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वारण (प्रातिपदिक)