HomeRamayanaYuddha KandaSarga 9Shloka 10
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Shloka 10

विभीषणोपदेशः

Vibhishana’s Counsel to Ravana

अप्रमत्तंकथंतंतुविजिगीषुंबलेस्थितम् ।जितरोषंदुराधर्षतंप्रधर्षयितुमिच्छथ ।।।।

apramattaṃ kathaṃ taṃ tu vijigīṣuṃ bale sthitam | jitaroṣaṃ durādharṣaṃ taṃ pradharṣayitum icchatha ||

എപ്പോഴും ജാഗ്രതയുള്ളവനും വിജയം ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്നവനും ബലത്തിൽ സ്ഥിരനുമായും ക്രോധത്തെ ജയിച്ചും ദുർധർഷനുമായ അവനെ നിങ്ങൾ എങ്ങനെ കീഴടക്കാൻ ഉദ്ദേശിക്കുന്നു?

अप्रमत्तम्vigilant
अप्रमत्तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-प्रमत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् तं इति
कथम्how
कथम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb: how)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक-अव्यय (but/indeed)
विजिगीषुम्desirous of victory
विजिगीषुम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-जीगीषु (प्रातिपदिक; √जि desiderative)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; इच्छार्थक-विशेषणम् (desirous to conquer) तं इति
बलेin strength/in his power
बले:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootबल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
स्थितम्standing/steadfast
स्थितम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past Passive Participle) 'स्थित'; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् तं इति
जितरोषम्one who has subdued anger
जितरोषम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootजित + रोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: जितः रोषः येन (one whose anger is conquered)
दुराधर्षम्unassailable
दुराधर्षम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर् + आधर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः: दुर्- (hard to) + आधर्ष (to assail)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
प्रधर्षयितुम्to overpower
प्रधर्षयितुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/infinitival purpose)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-धर्ष् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive), धातु: धर्ष्, उपसर्ग: प्र-; अर्थे: 'to overpower/assail'
इच्छथyou (pl.) desire
इच्छथ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद; मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), बहुवचन; धातु: इष्/इच्छ् (to desire)

"How do you wish to overpower, him who is very attentive, bent on victory, mighty, steadfast, has subdued anger and unassailable?"

R
Rāma (implied as ‘him’)

FAQs

Dharma here is truthful assessment and restraint: one should not rush into unjust conflict against a disciplined, righteous opponent; self-control (jitaroṣa) is presented as a moral and strategic strength.

In the rākṣasa assembly, counsel is being offered about confronting Rāma; the speaker argues that defeating such a vigilant and controlled hero is not feasible by rashness.

Rāma’s dama (self-mastery), especially conquest of anger, along with steadfast courage.