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Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 4

लङ्कादाह-प्रचोदनं तथा वानर-राक्षस-समरारम्भः

The Burning of Lanka and the Outbreak of Battle

तोस्तंगतआदित्येरौद्रेतस्मिन्निशामुखे ।।।।लङ्कामभिमुखास्सोल्काजग्मुस्तेप्लवगर्षभाः ।

toṣṭaṃ gata āditye raudre tasmin niśāmukhe |

laṅkām abhimukhāḥ solkā jagmus te plavagarṣabhāḥ ||

സൂര്യൻ അസ്തമിച്ച് ഭയാനകമായ രാത്രിയുടെ ആരംഭം വന്നപ്പോൾ, തീപ്പന്തങ്ങൾ കൈവഹിച്ചു ആ വാനരശ്രേഷ്ഠനായ നേതാക്കൾ ലങ്കയിലേക്കു മുന്നേറി।

tothen
to:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय-प्रयोग (ततः/तदा इत्यर्थे), क्रमवाचक
astaṅgatewhen (it) had set
astaṅgate:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootastaṃgata (कृदन्त; √gam)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP) ‘अस्तंगत’; पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; locative absolute with āditye
ādityethe sun
āditye:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootāditya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; locative absolute
raudreterrible/fierce
raudre:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootraudra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; qualifying niśāmukhe or the setting time
tasminin that (time)
tasmin:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
niśāmukheat nightfall
niśāmukhe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootniśā + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (षष्ठी): निशायाः मुखम् (beginning of night); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
laṅkāmtowards Lanka
laṅkām:
Gati/Karma (गति/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootlaṅkā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
abhimukhāḥfacing/towards
abhimukhāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhimukha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; predicate adjective to te plavagarṣabhāḥ
sa-ulkāḥwith torches
sa-ulkāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa + ulkā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (सह): उल्काभिः सह; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
jagmuḥwent
jagmuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
plavagarṣabhāḥvanara leaders
plavagarṣabhāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootplavaga + ṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (षष्ठी): प्लवगानाम् ऋषभाः; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Thereafter the bulls among Vanaras turned their faces towards Lanka and went holding torches in hand, after the Sun set as the frightening night started.

S
Sun (Āditya)
N
night
L
Laṅkā
V
Vānaras (plavagāḥ)

FAQs

Dharma appears as perseverance in rightful duty: even under fear and darkness, the righteous continue their assigned task with preparedness.

Night falls; the Vānara vanguard moves toward Laṅkā with torches, indicating organized advance and readiness for combat.

Utsāha (determined effort) and śaurya (courage): they proceed despite the terror associated with night and battle.

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