Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 60, Shloka 81

कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्

The Awakening of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

रावणस्यवचःश्रुत्वागुणदोषौविमृश्यच ।पश्चादपिमहाबाहो शत्रून्युधिविजेष्यसि ।।।।

Transliteration

rāvaṇasya vacaḥ śrutvā guṇa-doṣau vimṛśya ca |

paścād api mahābāho śatrūn yudhi vijeṣyasi ||

Translation

ഹേ മഹാബാഹോ, രാവണന്റെ വാക്കുകൾ കേട്ട് അവയിലെ ഗുണദോഷങ്ങൾ നന്നായി ആലോചിക്ക; അതിനുശേഷം മാത്രമേ നീ യുദ്ധത്തിൽ ശത്രുക്കളെ ജയിക്കൂ.

Word by Word

• rāvaṇasya: of Ravana
• rāvaṇasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी, एकवचनम्

• vacaḥ: words
• vacaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्तः; ‘having heard’

• guṇa-doṣau: merits and faults
• guṇa-doṣau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + doṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, द्विवचनम्; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः; object of vimṛśya

• vimṛśya: having reflected
• vimṛśya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi + mṛś (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: ल्यबन्त-अव्ययकृदन्तः; ‘having considered’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्ययम्

• paścāt: afterwards
• paścāt: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: paścāt (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; काल/क्रमवाचक (afterwards)

• api: even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; ‘even/also’

• mahābāho: O mighty-armed one
• mahābāho: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सम्बोधन, एकवचनम्; कर्मधारयः ‘महान् बाहुः यस्य’ (as epithet)

• śatrūn: enemies
• śatrūn: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śatru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, बहुवचनम्

• yudhi: in battle
• yudhi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yudh (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, सप्तमी, एकवचनम्

• vijeṣyasi: you will conquer
• vijeṣyasi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi + ji (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकारः (future), मध्यमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; parasmaipada

Context

"O Mighty Armed One! You hear from Ravana the advantages and disadvantages and thereafter assess the enemy to conquer."

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Kumbhakarṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is prudent discernment: one should evaluate merits and faults (guṇa–doṣa) before acting, especially in war where rashness causes adharma and ruin.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa’s side is preparing for battle; Kumbhakarṇa is being urged to act after considering Rāvaṇa’s words and the situation wisely.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Viveka (discernment) and strategic restraint—victory is linked to thoughtful judgment, not mere strength.