Shloka 53

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

Devanagari script

तमालोक्यमहातेजाहनूमान्मारुतात्मजः ।निवार्यशरजालानिप्रदुद्रावसरावणम् ।।6.59.53।।

Transliteration

tam ālokya mahātejā hanūmān mārutātmajaḥ | nivārya śarajālāni pradudrāva sa rāvaṇam ||6.59.53||

Translation

അവനെ കണ്ട മഹാതേജസ്വിയായ മാരുതാത്മജൻ ഹനുമാൻ, പാഞ്ഞുവരുന്ന ശരജാലങ്ങളെ തടഞ്ഞു, നേരെ രാവണനിലേക്കു പാഞ്ഞുചെന്നു.

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आलोक्य: having seen
• आलोक्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√लोक् (धातु) + क्त्वा (ल्यप्)
• Form: ल्यबन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), पूर्वकाल

• महातेजाः: very radiant
• महातेजाः: Karta-visheshana (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् + तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: महत् तेजः यस्य (very brilliant)

• हनूमान्: Hanuman
• हनूमान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनूमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मारुतात्मजः: son of Maruta
• मारुतात्मजः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारुत + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: मारुतस्य आत्मजः (son of the Wind-god)

• निवार्य: having warded off
• निवार्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-√वृ (धातु) + क्त्वा (ल्यप्)
• Form: ल्यबन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), पूर्वकाल; अर्थः—निरोध्य/प्रतिषिध्य (having checked/warded off)

• शरजालानि: nets/volleys of arrows
• शरजालानि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर + जाल (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: शराणां जालानि (nets/volleys of arrows)

• प्रदुद्राव: rushed forth
• प्रदुद्राव: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√द्रु (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• रावणम्: Ravana
• रावणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

The son of the wind god, Hanuman, a brilliant one seeing Ravana, obstructed the stream of arrows and darted towards him.

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman
• Vayu (Wind-god)
• Ravana

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as protection: a righteous warrior intervenes to shield companions from harm and confronts the source of oppression.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanuman notices Ravana’s arrow-barrage and counters it, then rushes forward to engage Ravana directly.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fearless guardianship—courage combined with a protective, service-oriented purpose.