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Shloka 43

द्वन्द्वयुद्धप्रवृत्तिः

Dvandva-Yuddha: The Onset of Single Combats

भग्नैखडगैर्गदाभिश्चशक्तितोमरपट्टसै: ।अपविद्धैश्चाभिन्नैश्चरथैस्साङ्ग्रामिकैर्हयैः ।।6.43.42।।निहतैःकुञ्जरैर्मत्स्सैस्तथावानरराक्षसैः ।चक्राक्षयुगदण्डैश्चभग्नैर्धरणिसंश्रितैः ।।6.43.43।।बभूवायोधनंघोरंगोमायुगणसेवितम् ।

bhagnair khaḍagair gadābhiś ca śakti-tomara-paṭṭasaiḥ |

apaviddhaiś cābhinnaiś ca rathaiḥ sāṅgrāmikair hayaiḥ ||6.43.42||

nihatāiḥ kuñjaraiḥ matsyaiḥ tathā vānararākṣasaiḥ |

cakrākṣa-yuga-daṇḍaiś ca bhagnair dharaṇisaṃśritaiḥ ||6.43.43||

babhūva āyodhanaṃ ghoraṃ gomāyugaṇa-sevitam |

യുദ്ധഭൂമി ഭീകരമായി—ഒടിഞ്ഞ വാളുകളും ഗദകളും ശക്തി-തോമര-പട്ടസങ്ങളും; തകർന്നു മറിഞ്ഞ രഥങ്ങളും യുദ്ധകുതിരകളും; വീണുകിടക്കുന്ന ഗജങ്ങളും വാനര-രാക്ഷസരുടെ കൂമ്പാരങ്ങളും; ഭൂമിയിൽ ചിതറിക്കിടക്കുന്ന ഒടിഞ്ഞ ചക്രങ്ങളും അക്ഷങ്ങളും യുഗങ്ങളും ദണ്ഡങ്ങളും—അവിടെ കുറുനരികളുടെ കൂട്ടങ്ങൾ സഞ്ചരിക്കുന്നതായി മാറി.

bhagnaiḥwith broken (ones)
bhagnaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्; instrument/means)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhagna (कृदन्त; √bhañj धातु)
FormPuṃliṅga/napuṃsakaliṅga? (context: instrumental plural), Tṛtīyā-vibhakti (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana; past passive participle used adjectivally
khaḍagaiḥwith swords
khaḍagaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootkhaḍga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana
gadābhiḥwith maces
gadābhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootgadā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (conjunction/समुच्चय)
śakti-tomara-paṭṭasaiḥwith spears, javelins, and axes/swords
śakti-tomara-paṭṭasaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootśakti + tomara + paṭṭasa (प्रातिपदिक; समाहार)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; itaretara-dvandva listing weapons
apaviddhaiḥwith hurled away / cast off
apaviddhaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootapaviddha (कृदन्त; √vidh/√vyadh? here 'apavid' = thrown away; from √vidh 'to cast' in causative/ppp usage)
FormTṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; past passive participle used adjectivally
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)
abhinnaiḥwith unbroken (intact)
abhinnaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeAdjective
Roota-bhinna (कृदन्त; √bhid धातु)
FormTṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; negated PPP used adjectivally
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta
rathaiḥwith chariots
rathaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana
sāṅgrāmikaiḥfit for battle / warlike
sāṅgrāmikaiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsāṅgrāmika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; adjective qualifying hayaiḥ
hayaiḥwith horses
hayaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Roothaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana
nihataiḥwith slain (ones)
nihataiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootnihata (कृदन्त; √han धातु with ni-)
FormTṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; PPP used adjectivally
kuñjaraiḥwith elephants
kuñjaraiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootkuñjara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana
matsyaiḥwith fish
matsyaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootmatsya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana
tathālikewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning 'likewise/also'
vānararākṣasaiḥwith monkeys and rakshasas
vānararākṣasaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootvānara + rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक; समाहार)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; itaretara-dvandva
cakrākṣa-yuga-daṇḍaiḥwith wheels, axles, yokes, and poles
cakrākṣa-yuga-daṇḍaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootcakra + akṣa + yuga + daṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक; समाहार)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; itaretara-dvandva (parts of chariots)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta
bhagnaiḥbroken
bhagnaiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhagna (कृदन्त; √bhañj धातु)
FormTṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; PPP used adjectivally (qualifying cakrākṣa...)
dharaṇisaṃśritaiḥlying on the ground
dharaṇisaṃśritaiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdharaṇī + saṃśrita (कृदन्त; √śri धातु with sam-)
FormPuṃliṅga/napuṃsakaliṅga (context: instrumental plural), Tṛtīyā (3rd), Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa: dharaṇyāṃ saṃśritāḥ = resting on the ground
babhūvabecame / was
babhūva:
Kriyā (क्रिया; main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/लङ्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
āyodhanamthe battlefield
āyodhanam:
Karta (कर्ता; subject)
TypeNoun
Rootāyodhana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana
ghoramterrible
ghoram:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootghora (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; adjective qualifying āyodhanam
gomāyugaṇasevitamfrequented by packs of jackals
gomāyugaṇasevitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootgomāyu + gaṇa + sevita (कृदन्त; √sev धातु)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: gomāyūnāṃ gaṇaiḥ sevitam = frequented by groups of jackals; PPP used adjectivally

Then the Rakshasas killed by Vanara leaders, their bodies full of blood were looking for sunset and again picking up strength began to battle.।। ityārṣēvālmīkīyēśrīmadrāmāyaṇēādikāvyēyuddhakāṇḍētricatvāriṅśassargaḥ ।।This is the end of the forty third sarga of Yuddha Kanda of the first epic the holy Ramayana composed by sage Valmiki.

V
Vānaras
R
Rākṣasas
B
Battlefield (āyodhana)
G
Gomāyu (jackals)

FAQs

It highlights the ethical weight of war: even when fought for dharma, battle brings suffering and ruin, urging sobriety, restraint, and remembrance of life’s impermanence.

After intense fighting, the field is described as strewn with weapons, wreckage, and bodies, attracting scavengers.

Not a single virtue of one character, but the text’s reflective emphasis on vigilance and responsibility in the use of force.