Shloka 12

द्विचत्वारिंशः सर्गः (Sarga 42): Omens in Laṅkā, Report to Rāvaṇa, and the Kinkara Assault

Devanagari script

रावणस्य समीपे तु राक्षस्यो विकृताननाः।विरूपं वानरं भीममाख्यातुमुपचक्रमुः।।5.42.12।।

Transliteration

rāvaṇasya samīpe tu rākṣasyo vikṛtānanāḥ | virūpaṃ vānaraṃ bhīmam ākhyātum upacakramuḥ ||5.42.12||

Translation

അപ്പോൾ വികൃതമുഖങ്ങളായ രാക്ഷസിമാർ രാവണന്റെ സമീപത്തേക്ക് ചെന്നു, ഭീകരവും വിചിത്രരൂപവുമായ ആ വാനരനെക്കുറിച്ച് അറിയിക്കാൻ തുടങ്ങി.

Word by Word

• रावणस्य: of Ravana
• रावणस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• समीपे: near/in the presence
• समीपे: अधिकरण (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समीप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: निपात (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/विशेष (particle: but/indeed)

• राक्षस्यः: ogresses
• राक्षस्यः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षसी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• विकृताननाः: with distorted faces
• विकृताननाः: विशेषण (Qualifier of राक्षस्यः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विकृतानना = विकृत + आनन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (विकृतम् आननं यस्याः)

• विरूपम्: ugly/disfigured
• विरूपम्: विशेषण (Qualifier of वानरम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वानरम्: a monkey/vanara
• वानरम्: कर्म (Object of आख्यातुम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• भीमम्: terrifying
• भीमम्: विशेषण (Qualifier of वानरम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आख्यातुम्: to report
• आख्यातुम्: प्रयोजन (Purpose)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ + ख्या (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive): to tell/report

• उपचक्रमुः: began/undertook
• उपचक्रमुः: क्रिया (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

Context

"Your majesty! an extremely powerful and frightening Vanara had a dialogue with Sita. He is stationed in the midst of Ashoka garden.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• rākṣasī-s
• vānarā (Hanumān)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma values truthful reporting and responsibility in action; here, information is carried to power, setting the stage for just or unjust response.

What is the narrative situation?

After Hanumān’s presence becomes known in the Aśoka grove, the rākṣasī-s approach Rāvaṇa to inform him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s fearlessness is implied—his very presence is described as terrifying to the hostile side.