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Shloka 20

प्रमदावनविध्वंसः | The Devastation of the Pleasure-Garden

Ashoka Vatika

सा विह्वलाऽशोकलताप्रताना वनस्थली शोकलताप्रताना।जाता दशास्यप्रमदावनस्य कपेर्बलाद्धि प्रमदावनस्य।।।।

sā vihvalā 'śoka-latā-pratānā vanasthalī śoka-latā-pratānā |

jātā daśāsya-pramadāvanasya kaper balād dhi pramadāvanasya ||

അശോകലതകളാൽ പുഷ്പിതമായിരുന്ന ആ വനസ്ഥലി ഇപ്പോൾ ശോകലതകളാൽ നിറഞ്ഞതായി മാറി; കാരണം ആ കപിയുടെ പ്രബലബലത്താൽ രാവണന്റെ പ്രമദാവനം (വിനോദോദ്യാനം) തകർന്ന് പോയി.

she/that (garden)
:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st), Singular; demonstrative pronoun
vihvalādistressed/ruined
vihvalā:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvihvala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; agrees with sā/vanasthalī
aśōkalatāpratānāa spread of aśoka creepers
aśōkalatāpratānā:
Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootaśoka + latā + pratāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (अशोकस्य लताः तासां प्रतानः/प्रतानाः)
vanasthalīthe garden-ground/grove
vanasthalī:
Karta (कर्ता/Apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootvana + sthalī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (वनस्य स्थली)
śōkalatāpratānāa spread of creepers of sorrow
śōkalatāpratānā:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootśoka + latā + pratāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (शोकस्य लताः तासां प्रतानः/प्रतानाः)
jātābecame
jātā:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootjāta (कृदन्त; √jan/जन्, जनने)
FormPast participle (क्त/PPP used as finite predicate); Feminine, Nominative, Singular; ‘became/turned into’
daśāsyapramadāvanasyaof the ten-headed one’s pleasure-garden
daśāsyapramadāvanasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootdaśāsya + pramadā + vana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (दशास्यस्य प्रमदावनम्)
kapeḥof the monkey (Hanuman)
kapeḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootkapi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th), Singular
balātby force
balāt:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootbala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; used adverbially ‘by force’
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), emphasis/causal nuance
pramadāvanasyaof the pleasure-garden
pramadāvanasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootpramadā + vana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Genitive (6th), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (प्रमदानां वनम्)

The pleasure-garden of Ravana appeared as though it was spreading the creepers of sorrow, since it was totally destroyed by the monkey who had set out to protect a woman. pramadā+vanasya = of the pleasure garden, pramadā+avanasya of the hero who came to protect a lady.

R
Rāvaṇa (Daśāsya)
P
pramadā-vana
H
Hanumān (kapi)

FAQs

Adharma turns pleasure into grief: the verse’s wordplay teaches that unlawful enjoyment (Rāvaṇa’s) inevitably flowers into sorrow when confronted by dharma.

After the devastation, the narrator interprets the garden’s transformation—once a place of delight, now a symbol of grief caused by Hanumān’s force.

Moral agency through strength—Hanumān becomes an instrument that converts the oppressor’s pleasure-space into a sign of impending justice.