Shloka 15

सीताहनूमद्भाषणम्

Sita Tests the Messenger; Hanuman Offers Reassurance

Devanagari script

स्वं परित्यज्य रूपं यः परिव्राजकरूपध्रुत्।जनस्थाने मया दृष्टस्त्वं स एवासि रावणः।।।।

Transliteration

svaṃ parityajya rūpaṃ yaḥ parivrājaka-rūpa-dhṛt |

janasthāne mayā dṛṣṭas tvaṃ sa evāsi rāvaṇaḥ ||

Translation

സ്വന്തം രൂപം ഉപേക്ഷിച്ച് പരിവ്രാജകന്റെ വേഷം ധരിച്ചവനായി ജനസ്ഥാനത്തിൽ ഞാൻ കണ്ടത്—നീ തന്നെയാണ് ആ രാവണൻ.

Word by Word

• स्वम्: one's own
• स्वम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Acc. sg.); 'own' इति रूपस्य विशेषणम्

• परित्यज्य: having abandoned
• परित्यज्य: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-त्यज् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यपन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive): 'having abandoned'

• रूपम्: form
• रूपम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Acc. sg.)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Relative pronoun, Nom. sg.)

• परिव्राजक-रूप-धृत्: one bearing the form of a mendicant
• परिव्राजक-रूप-धृत्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिव्राजक (प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक) + धृत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √धृ)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-भाव: 'parivrājaka-rūpaṃ dhṛtaḥ'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Masculine, Nom. sg.)

• जनस्थाने: in Janasthana
• जनस्थाने: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनस्थान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन (Neuter, Locative, Singular)

• मया: by me
• मया: करण (Karana/Agent-instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन (Instrumental sg.: 'by me')

• दृष्टः: seen
• दृष्टः: कर्मणि-क्रिया (Passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि/भावे: 'seen'

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन (Nom. sg.)

• सः: that (same one)
• सः: विशेष्य (Predicate referent: 'that one')
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Demonstrative pronoun, Nom. sg.)

• एव: indeed
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle: 'indeed/just')

• असि: are
• असि: क्रिया (Copula)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन (Present, 2nd sg.)

• रावणः: Ravana
• रावणः: विधेय (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Nom. sg.); विधेय-नाम (predicate noun)

Context

"You are the same Ravana who took the guise of a mendicant, giving up your real form and came to Janasthana.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Janasthāna

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Truth is defended by accurate testimony: Sītā identifies deception by recalling prior wrongdoing, reinforcing satya against false appearances.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā links the visitor to the earlier abduction episode, recalling Rāvaṇa’s mendicant disguise at Jana-sthāna.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s steadiness of mind and fidelity to truth—she refuses to be swayed by outward forms.