Shloka 16

सुन्‍दरकाण्डे एकत्रिंशः सर्गः

Hanuman’s Sweet Address to Sita and Sita’s Recognition

Devanagari script

विररामैवमुक्त्वासौ वाचं वानरपुङ्गवः।।।।जानकी चापि तच्छ्रुत्वा परं विस्मयमागता।

Transliteration

virarāmaivam uktvāsau vācaṃ vānarapuṅgavaḥ |

jānakī cāpi tac chrutvā paraṃ vismayam āgatā ||

Translation

ഇങ്ങനെ പറഞ്ഞിട്ട് ആ വാനരശ്രേഷ്ഠൻ മൗനമായി; ജാനകിയും ആ വാക്കുകൾ കേട്ട് അത്യന്തം വിസ്മയത്തിലായി.

Word by Word

• विरराम: stopped/ceased
• विरराम: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√रम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: thus)

• उक्त्वा: having spoken
• उक्त्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; 'having spoken'

• असौ: that one/he
• असौ: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• वाचम्: speech/words
• वाचम्: कर्म (Object of uktvā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग

• वानर-पुङ्गवः: chief of the vanaras
• वानर-पुङ्गवः: कर्ता (Subject; apposition to asau)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक) + पुङ्गव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; तत्पुरुष-समास (वानराणां पुङ्गवः = chief among monkeys)

• जानकी: Janaki
• जानकी: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जानकी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अप्यर्थक-अव्यय (also/even)

• तत्: that
• तत्: कर्म (Object of śrutvā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund)

• परम्: great
• परम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; विस्मयम् इति विशेषण

• विस्मयम्: wonder
• विस्मयम्: कर्म (Object of āgatā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विस्मय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• आगता: attained/felt
• आगता: क्रिया (Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√गम् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त: क्त-प्रत्यय, प्रथमा, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग; 'came to/attained'

Context

Then Sita looked up at the Simsupa tree timidly, her face covered with beautiful curly hair.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Jānakī (Sītā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes restraint in speech: after delivering what is necessary, Hanumān stops, allowing truth to settle without pressure.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration marks a pause after Hanumān’s reassurance; Sītā’s astonishment shows her shifting from fear to hope.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s composure and Sītā’s attentive discernment.