Shloka 1

हनुमता सीतासंवादोपायचिन्ता

Hanuman’s Deliberation on How to Address Sita

Devanagari script

हनुमानपि विक्रान्तः सर्वं शुश्राव तत्त्वतः।सीतायास्त्रिजटायाश्च राक्षसीनां च तर्जनम्।।।।

Transliteration

hanumānapi vikrāntaḥ sarvaṃ śuśrāva tattvataḥ |

sītāyāstrijaṭāyāśca rākṣasīnāṃ ca tarjanam || 5.30.1 ||

Translation

വിക്രാന്തനായ ഹനുമാനും എല്ലാം യഥാർത്ഥമായി കേട്ടു—സീതയുടെ വാക്കുകളും, ത്രിജടയുടെ വാക്കുകളും, രാക്ഷസിമാരുടെ ഭീഷണിതർജ്ജനവും.

Word by Word

• हनुमान्: Hanumān
• हनुमान्: कर्ता (Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (कर्तरि) ; एकवचनम् — Masculine; Nominative case; Singular

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध/निपातार्थ (particle; adds 'also')
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः/समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् — particle meaning 'also/even'

• विक्रान्तः: valiant, heroic
• विक्रान्तः: कर्तृविशेषणम् (Qualifier of agent)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विक्रान्त (कृदन्त; √क्रम् (धातु) + वि- उपसर्ग; क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् — Masculine; Nominative; Singular; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त-विशेषणम् (past passive participle used adjectivally)

• सर्वम्: everything
• सर्वम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् — Neuter; Accusative; Singular

• शुश्राव: heard
• शुश्राव: क्रिया (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रु (धातु) — शृणोति; लिट्-लकारः (परस्मैपदम्)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (परोक्शभूत/परफेक्ट); प्रथम-पुरुषः; एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम् — Perfect; 3rd person; Singular; Active

• तत्त्वतः: truly, accurately
• तत्त्वतः: क्रियाविशेषणम् (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्त्वतस् (अव्यय; तत्त्व + तस्)
• Form: अव्ययम्; क्रियाविशेषणम् — adverb meaning 'in truth/accurately'

• सीतायाः: of Sītā
• सीतायाः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation: 'of Sītā')
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् — Feminine; Genitive; Singular

• त्रिजटायाः: of Trijaṭā
• त्रिजटायाः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation: 'of Trijaṭā')
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिजटा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् — Feminine; Genitive; Singular

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् — conjunction 'and'

• राक्षसीनाम्: of the demonesses
• राक्षसीनाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation: 'of the rākṣasīs')
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षसी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् — Feminine; Genitive; Plural

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् — conjunction 'and'

• तर्जनम्: threatening, intimidation
• तर्जनम्: कर्म (Object; appositive/part of 'sarvam')
• Type: Noun
• Root: तर्जन (प्रातिपदिक; √तर्ज् (धातु) + ल्युट्/अन-प्रत्ययः)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः; द्वितीया-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् — Neuter; Accusative; Singular; भाववाचक-नाम (verbal noun: 'threatening')

Context

The valiant hero Hanuman heard everything including the lamentation of Sita and the dream of Trijata and the threats of the demonesses.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Sītā
• Trijaṭā
• rākṣasīs

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes truthful understanding before action: Hanumān first listens and comprehends the situation fully (tattvataḥ) before intervening, modeling responsible, evidence-based conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

In the Aśoka grove, Hanumān remains hidden and listens to Sītā, to Trijaṭā, and to the rākṣasīs who threaten Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence and restraint: Hanumān gathers accurate information and controls impulse, preparing for the right moment to act.