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Shloka 20

सीताविलापः

Sita’s Lament amid Rākṣasī Threats

धिगस्तु खलु मानुष्यं धिगस्तु परवश्यताम्।न शक्यं यत्परित्यक्तुमात्मच्छन्देन जीवितम्।।5.25.20।।

dhig astu khalu mānuṣyaṃ dhig astu paravaśyatām | na śakyaṃ yat parityaktum ātma-chandena jīvitam || 5.25.20 ||

മനുഷ്യജീവിതത്തോട് ധിക്കാരം, പരവശതയോടും ധിക്കാരം; കാരണം സ്വന്തം ഇച്ഛപ്രകാരം ജീവൻ ഉപേക്ഷിക്കാൻ കഴിയുന്നില്ല.

धिक्fie upon!
धिक्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Exclamation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधिक् (अव्यय)
FormImprecative/exclamatory particle (धिक्-निपात)
अस्तुlet it be
अस्तु:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
खलुindeed
खलु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootखलु (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निपात-अव्यय)
मानुष्यम्human state/life
मानुष्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object of imprecation)
TypeNoun
Rootमानुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2nd), Singular (एकवचन)
धिक्fie upon!
धिक्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Exclamation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधिक् (अव्यय)
FormImprecative/exclamatory particle (धिक्-निपात)
अस्तुlet it be
अस्तु:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
परवश्यताम्of subjection to others
परवश्यताम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive of reference)
TypeNoun
Rootपर-वश्यता (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine abstract noun (भाववाचक-स्त्री), Genitive (षष्ठी/6th), Plural (बहुवचन); ‘of dependence on others’
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
शक्यम्possible
शक्यम्:
Pradhana-kriya-puraka (विधेय/Impersonal predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1st), Singular (एकवचन); impersonal predicate ‘possible’
यत्since/that
यत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Clause linker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormCausal/relative particle (यत् = ‘since/that’; अव्यय)
परित्यक्तुम्to abandon
परित्यक्तुम्:
Karma (कर्म/Complement of ‘possible’)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-त्यज् (धातु)
FormInfinitive (कृत्: तुमुन्)
आत्मच्छन्देनby one’s own will
आत्मच्छन्देन:
Karana (करण/Means-manner)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्म-छन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3rd), Singular (एकवचन); adverbial instrument ‘by one’s own will’
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object of infinitive)
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2nd), Singular (एकवचन)

'Like a doe that strayed from the herd in the forest and tormented by wolves around, Sita had withdrawn into herself all her limbs through fear, she was trembling excessively.

S
Sītā

FAQs

Dharma values autonomy aligned with righteousness; the verse condemns paravaśyatā (subjugation) as a moral and existential misery, underscoring the duty to resist injustice and protect freedom.

Sītā, under strict guard, laments that even choosing death is not within her control.

Clear moral discernment—she identifies dependence and coercion as inherently degrading, even while enduring them.