Shloka 20

लक्ष्मणक्रोधः सुग्रीवप्रबोधनं च

Lakshmana’s Wrath and the Summoning of Sugriva

Devanagari script

तं ते भयपरीताङ्गाः क्रुद्धं दृष्ट्वा प्लवङ्गमाः।।कालमृत्युयुगान्ताभं शतशो विद्रुता दिशः।

Transliteration

taṃ te bhayaparītāṅgāḥ kruddhaṃ dṛṣṭvā plavaṅgamāḥ |

kālamṛtyuyugāntābhaṃ śataśo vidrutā diśaḥ ||

Translation

അവനെ ക്രുദ്ധനായി കണ്ടപ്പോൾ—കാലനും മരണവും യുഗാന്തപ്രളയവും പോലെ—ഭയത്തിൽ വിറച്ച ശരീരങ്ങളോടെ ആ പ്ലവംഗങ്ങൾ നൂറുകണക്കിന് പേർ എല്ലാ ദിക്കുകളിലേക്കും ഓടിപ്പോയി.

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (object of dṛṣṭvā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ते: they
• ते: कर्ता (Kartā; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• भयपरीताङ्गाः: with limbs seized by fear
• भयपरीताङ्गाः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भय + परीत (इ धातु with pari-, क्त) + अङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (whose limbs are overcome by fear)

• क्रुद्धम्: angry
• क्रुद्धम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुध् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of tam)

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (Absolutive), अव्ययभाव

• प्लवङ्गमाः: monkeys
• प्लवङ्गमाः: कर्ता (Kartā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्लवङ्गम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• कालमृत्युयुगान्ताभम्: like Time, Death, and the end of an age
• कालमृत्युयुगान्ताभम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काल + मृत्यु + युगान्त + आभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of tam)

• शतशः: by hundreds
• शतशः: परिमाण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शतशस् (अव्यय)
• Form: परिमाणवाचक-अव्यय

• विद्रुताः: fled
• विद्रुताः: क्रिया-सम्बद्ध (predicate to subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्रु (धातु) with vi-
• Form: क्त (PPP used in active sense), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; गतिवाचक (fled)

• दिशः: to the directions
• दिशः: गन्तव्य/देश (direction as goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन; गत्यर्थे (accusative of goal/direction)

Context

Seeing enraged Lakshmana, who looked like a veritable god of Death at the time of dissolution of the universe, hundreds of monkeys, their limbs trembling in fear ran in different directions.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse illustrates how overwhelming power and anger create fear and disorder; dharma in leadership and righteous enforcement requires measured force so that correction does not turn into terror.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa’s furious presence causes the vānara guards to scatter in panic at the entrance to Kiṣkindhā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Awe-inspiring strength (tejas): Lakṣmaṇa’s formidable energy is such that it routs opposition—though it also underscores the need for restraint.