Valmiki Ramayana 1.5.2: Bala Kanda, Sarga 5, Shloka 2

अयोध्यानगरवर्णनम्

Description of Ayodhya and the Ikshvaku Royal Setting

Devanagari script

येषां स सगरो नाम सागरो येन खानित: ।षष्टि: पुत्रसहस्राणि यं यान्तं पर्यवारयन् ।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 1.5.2

Transliteration

yeṣāṃ sa sagaro nāma sāgaro yena khānitaḥ | ṣaṣṭiḥ putrasahasrāṇi yaṃ yāntaṃ paryavārayan ||

Translation

അവരിൽ സഗരൻ എന്ന രാജാവുണ്ടായിരുന്നു—അവനാൽ തന്നെയാണ് സമുദ്രം ഖനിക്കപ്പെട്ടത്; അവൻ പുറപ്പെടുമ്പോൾ അറുപതിനായിരം പുത്രന്മാർ അവനെ ചുറ്റിപ്പറ്റി നടക്കുമായിരുന്നു.

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Word by Word

• इक्ष्वाकूणाम्: of the Ikṣvākus
• इक्ष्वाकूणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इक्ष्वाकु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karta (कर्ता) (of श्रुतम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तेषाम्: of those
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• राज्ञाम्: of kings
• राज्ञाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• वंशे: in the lineage
• वंशे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वंश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• महात्मनाम्: of great-souled (kings)
• महात्मनाम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of राज्ञाम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; राज्ञाम् विशेषणम्

• महत्: great
• महत्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of आख्यानम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; आख्यानम् विशेषणम्

• उत्पन्नम्: arisen; produced
• उत्पन्नम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of आख्यानम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्-√पद्/पत् (धातु; क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; आख्यानम् विशेषणम्: "arisen/produced"

• आख्यानम्: narrative; epic
• आख्यानम्: Karta (कर्ता) (of श्रुतम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आख्यान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• रामायणम्: Rāmāyaṇa
• रामायणम्: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to आख्यानम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रामायण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम (proper title)

• इति: thus; as
• इति: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इति-निपात (quotative marker)

• श्रुतम्: is heard; is known
• श्रुतम्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु; क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त past passive participle) नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भावे प्रयोगः: "is heard/known"

Context

Among them a king named Sagara got the ocean dug and his sixty thousand sons surrounded him whenever he went (to battle).

Characters & Entities

• Sagara
• Ikṣvāku dynasty

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse foregrounds royal capability and legacy; dharma here is the king’s duty to lead and act decisively, leaving enduring works remembered by society.

What is the narrative situation?

The narrator lists eminent Ikṣvāku kings, introducing Sagara and his famed association with the ocean.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Leadership and prowess—Sagara as a figure of commanding presence, supported by vast retinue.