Valmiki Ramayana 1.44.5: Bala Kanda, Sarga 44, Shloka 5

गङ्गावतरण-समापनः

Conclusion of the Descent of Gaṅgā

Devanagari script

इयं च दुहिता ज्येष्ठा तव गङ्गा भविष्यति ।त्वत्कृतेन च नाम्नाऽथ लोके स्थास्यति विश्रुता।।1.44.5।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 1.44.5

Transliteration

iyaṃ ca duhitā jyeṣṭhā tava gaṅgā bhaviṣyati | tvat-kṛtena ca nāmnā ’tha loke sthāsyati viśrutā || 1.44.5 ||

Translation

ഈ ഗംഗ നിന്റെ ജ്യേഷ്ഠ പുത്രിയായി വരും; നിന്റെ നാമത്തിൽ നിന്നുയർന്ന ‘ഭാഗീരഥി’ എന്ന പേരിൽ ലോകത്തിൽ പ്രസിദ്ധയാകും.

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Word by Word

• इयम्: this (she)
• इयम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (and)

• दुहिता: daughter
• दुहिता: Apposition (समनाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुहितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ज्येष्ठा: eldest
• ज्येष्ठा: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying duhitā)

• तव: your
• तव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• गङ्गा: Ganga
• गङ्गा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• भविष्यति: will become
• भविष्यति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु; √भू)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (simple future), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• त्वत्कृतेन: by the name made by you
• त्वत्कृतेन: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वत् (युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिक) + कृत (√कृ; क्त, कृदन्त)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ('made by you/caused by you'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying nāmnā)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• नाम्ना: by (that) name
• नाम्ना: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• अथ: then, henceforth
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक-अव्यय (then, henceforth)

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• स्थास्यति: will remain
• स्थास्यति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु; √स्था)
• Form: लृट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• विश्रुता: renowned
• विश्रुता: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-श्रु (धातु; √श्रु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle: 'well-heard/renowned'); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying gaṅgā)

Context

O King! divine Ganga will be called Tripathaga as well as Bhagirathi. Since she flows in the three worlds (heaven, earth and the lower world: Patala), she will be known asTripathaga.

Characters & Entities

• Gaṅgā
• Bhāgīrathī
• Bhagīratha (implied by the patronymic name)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma honors those whose truthful effort benefits the world: the river’s name memorializes righteous perseverance, teaching that public good and integrity earn lasting recognition.

What is the narrative situation?

The narrative explains Gaṅgā’s relationship to Bhagīratha and why she is known by a name connected to him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kṛtajñatā and loka-hitā (gratitude and public beneficence): the world remembers the agent of a great welfare-bringing act.