Valmiki Ramayana 1.13.38: Bala Kanda, Sarga 13, Shloka 38

हयमेध

यज्ञोपक्रमः — Commencement of the Aśvamedha Preparations

Devanagari script

भवान् स्निग्धस्सुहृन्मह्यं गुरुश्च परमो महान्।

ओढव्यो भवता चैव भारो यज्ञस्य चोद्यतः।।1.13.4।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 1.13.38

Transliteration

bhavān snigdhaḥ suhṛn mahyaṃ guruś ca paramo mahān |

oḍhavyo bhavatā caiva bhāro yajñasya codyataḥ || 1.13.4 ||

Translation

നീ എനിക്കു സ്നേഹമുള്ള സുഹൃത്തും, അത്യന്തം മഹാനായ പൂജ്യഗുരുവുമാണ്; അതുകൊണ്ട് ഇപ്പോൾ ആരംഭിച്ചിരിക്കുന്ന ഈ യജ്ഞത്തിന്റെ ഭാരമുറപ്പായി നീ തന്നേ വഹിക്കേണം.

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Word by Word

• सर्वकामैः: with all desired objects
• सर्वकामैः: Karana (करणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व-काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (कर्मधारयः) ‘सर्वे कामाः’; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (instrumental/करण), बहुवचन

• उपहृतैः: brought, presented
• उपहृतैः: Karana (करणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-हृ (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle) ‘आनीत/समर्पित’; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; (सर्वकामैः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)

• उपेतम्: endowed, furnished
• उपेतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-इ (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; (किञ्चिद् ‘यज्ञवाटम्/यज्ञस्थानम्’ इत्यादि अव्यक्तं विशेष्यं)

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)

• समन्ततः: on all sides
• समन्ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: samantatas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place) ‘सर्वतः’

• द्रष्टुम्: to see
• द्रष्टुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजनम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु) + तुमुन् (प्रत्यय)
• Form: तुमुनन्त (infinitive) ‘दर्शनार्थम्’

• अर्हसि: you are fit/ought
• अर्हसि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (present), परस्मैपदम्; मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन

• राजेन्द्र: O king of kings
• राजेन्द्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधनम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्-इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः) ‘राज्ञाम् इन्द्रः’; पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• मनसा: by the mind
• मनसा: Karana (करणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (instrumental/करण), एकवचन

• इव: as if
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमार्थक-निपात (comparative particle)

• विनिर्मितम्: constructed, fashioned
• विनिर्मितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-निर्-मा (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; (उपेतम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Vasiṣṭha
• yajña (sacrifice)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Honoring the guru and entrusting sacred duties to qualified authority is dharma; the king recognizes that spiritual leadership rightly guides royal action.

What is the narrative situation?

As the sacrifice is being organized, Daśaratha expresses reliance on Vasiṣṭha as both trusted friend and preceptor, placing the yajña’s responsibility under his guidance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverence and humility: Daśaratha models respect for spiritual authority and willingness to be guided in dharmic action.