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Valmiki Ramayana 2.87.23: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 87, Shloka 23

गुहसंवादः—रामस्य रात्रिवासवर्णनम्

Dialogue with Guha: Account of Rama’s Night Halt

तत स्त्वहंचोत्तमबाणचापधृत् स्थितोऽभवं तत्र स यत्र लक्ष्मणः।अतन्द्रितैर्ज्ञातिभिरात्तकार्मुकैर्महेन्द्रकल्पं परिपालयंस्तदा।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.87.23

tatas tv ahaṃ cottamabāṇacāpadhṛt sthito ’bhavaṃ tatra sa yatra lakṣmaṇaḥ |

atandritair jñātibhir āttakārmukair mahendrakalpaṃ paripālayan tadā ||

അതിനുശേഷം ഞാൻ ശ്രേഷ്ഠമായ അമ്പുകളും ധനുസ്സും കൈയിൽ പിടിച്ച്, ലക്ഷ്മണൻ നിന്നിരുന്ന അതേ സ്ഥലത്ത് നിലകൊണ്ടു; ക്ഷീണമറിയാത്ത, ധനുസ്സുയർത്തിയ എന്റെ ബന്ധുക്കളോടൊപ്പം ചേർന്ന്, മഹേന്ദ്രനുപമനായ രാമനെ അന്നേരം കാത്തുരക്ഷിച്ചു.

tataḥthereafter
tataḥ:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, काल/अनन्तरार्थक (thereafter)
tubut/and
tu:
Discourse particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, उत्तमपुरुषार्थ, प्रथमा, एकवचन
caand
ca:
Discourse connector (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
uttamabāṇacāpadhṛtholding the best arrows and bow
uttamabāṇacāpadhṛt:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootuttama (प्रातिपदिक) + bāṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + cāpa (प्रातिपदिक) + dhṛt (√dhṛ, धातु; क्तिन्/क्विप्-प्रत्यय)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (उत्तमान् बाणान् च चापं च धरति), धृत्-प्रत्ययान्त (agent noun), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (aham)
sthitaḥstanding
sthitaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeVerb
Root√sthā (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भावे/कर्तरि प्रयोग: 'standing'
abhavamI remained/was
abhavam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन
tatrathere
tatra:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक अव्यय (locative adverb)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
yatrawhere
yatra:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra (अव्यय)
Formसम्बन्धबोधक अव्यय (relative adverb: where)
lakṣmaṇaḥLakshmana
lakṣmaṇaḥ:
Adhikaraṇa-sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootlakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
atandritaiḥwith the indefatigable
atandritaiḥ:
Karaṇa/Sahakārī (करणम्/सहकारी)
TypeAdjective
Roota-tandrita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनञ्-समास/उपपद (a+tandrita = indefatigable), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (jñātibhiḥ)
jñātibhiḥwith kinsmen
jñātibhiḥ:
Sahakārī (सहकारी)
TypeNoun
Rootjñāti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
ātta-kārmukaiḥarmed with bows
ātta-kārmukaiḥ:
Sahakārī (सहकारी)
TypeAdjective
Rootātta (√dā/√ā-dā, धातु; क्त) + kārmuka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय (ātta = taken/held + kārmuka = bow), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (jñātibhiḥ)
mahendra-kalpamIndra-like
mahendra-kalpam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahendra (प्रातिपदिक) + kalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (उपमान-सम्बन्ध: mahendra-iva kalpaḥ), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (saḥ = Rama)
paripālayanprotecting
paripālayan:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeVerb
Rootpari-√pāl (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समकाल (while)
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (then)

Then, holding the best of arrows and bow along with my indefatigable kinsmen similarly armed with bows, I stood by the side of Lakshmana guarding Rama who is comparable to Indra.ইত্যার্ষে শ্রীমদ্রামাযণে বাল্মীকীয আদিকাব্যে অযোধ্যাকাণ্ডে সপ্তাশীতিতমস্সর্গঃ৷৷Thus ends the eightyseventh sarga in Ayodhyakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

L
Lakṣmaṇa
R
Rāma
M
Mahendra (Indra)
G
Guha
K
kinsmen (Guha’s people)

FAQs

Dharma here is vigilant protection of the righteous and faithful service: Guha and his men stand guard to ensure Rāma’s safety, treating safeguarding a virtuous person as a moral duty.

During Rāma’s forest-exile journey, Guha describes how he positioned himself near Lakṣmaṇa, with armed kinsmen, to guard Rāma through the night/at that time.

Loyalty and alert guardianship—steadfast readiness to protect without fatigue (atandrita), reflecting disciplined devotion to a noble guest and to righteousness.

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