Valmiki Ramayana 2.3.16 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 16

यौवराज्याभिषेक-उपकल्पनम्

Preparations for Rama’s Installation as Yuvaraja

Devanagari script

सूर्येऽभ्युदितमात्रे श्वो भविता स्वस्तिवाचनम्।ब्राह्मणाश्च निमन्त्र्यन्तां कल्प्यन्तामासनानि च।।।।

Transliteration

sūrye ’bhyuditamātre śvo bhavitā svastivācanam | brāhmaṇāś ca nimantryantāṃ kalpyantām āsanāni ca ||

Translation

നാളെ സൂര്യൻ ഉദിച്ച ഉടനെ സ്വസ്തിവാചനം (മംഗളപാഠം) നടത്തപ്പെടട്ടെ; ബ്രാഹ്മണരെ ക്ഷണിക്കുകയും അവർക്കായി ആസനങ്ങൾ ഒരുക്കുകയും ചെയ്യട്ടെ.

Word by Word

• sūrye: when the sun (is...)
• sūrye: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masc), सप्तमी (Loc), एकवचन (sg)

• abhyudita-mātre: as soon as (it) has risen
• abhyudita-mātre: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: abhyudita (कृदन्त; √ud उद्गमे with abhi-) + mātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), सप्तमी (Loc), एकवचन (sg); तत्पुरुष: 'at the mere rising'

• śvaḥ: tomorrow
• śvaḥ: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śvaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• bhavitā: will be/shall take place
• bhavitā: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (simple future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (sg), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• svasti-vācanam: benedictory recitation
• svasti-vācanam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svasti (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + vācanam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन (sg); तत्पुरुष: 'uttering of svasti'

• brāhmaṇāḥ: brahmins
• brāhmaṇāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masc), प्रथमा (Nom), बहुवचन (pl)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• nimantryantām: let (them) be invited
• nimantryantām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni-√mantr (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (pl), आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive): 'let them be invited'

• kalpyantām: let (them) be arranged
• kalpyantām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kḷp (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (pl), आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive): 'let (them) be arranged'

• āsanāni: seats
• āsanāni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āsana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा (Nom), बहुवचन (pl)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

Context

Banners be fastened and royal highways be sprinkled with water. All actors and beautifully adorned courtesans should reach the second inner apartment of the king's residence and remain seated there.

Characters & Entities

• Sūrya (the Sun)
• brāhmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes orderly conduct and respect for sacred procedure—right time, right persons, and right hospitality for auspicious acts.

What is the narrative situation?

The schedule and protocol for the next morning’s auspicious rites are fixed at sunrise, including inviting brahmins and preparing seating.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Attention to propriety and reverence: careful adherence to auspicious timing and respectful reception of ritual specialists.