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Shloka 19

अष्टादशः सर्गः

Kaikeyī Discloses the Boons: Exile to Daṇḍaka and Bharata’s Consecration

एवमुक्ता तु कैकेयी राघवेण महात्मना।उवाचेदं सुनिर्लज्जा धृष्टमात्महितं वचः।।।।

evam uktā tu kaikeyī rāghaveṇa mahātmanā | uvācedaṃ sunirlajjā dhṛṣṭam ātmahitaṃ vacaḥ ||

മഹാത്മാവായ രാഘവൻ ഇങ്ങനെ പറഞ്ഞപ്പോൾ, കൈകേയി പൂർണ്ണമായും ലജ്ജരഹിതയായി, സ്വന്തം ഹിതം ലക്ഷ്യമാക്കി ധൃഷ്ടമായ വാക്കുകൾ പറഞ്ഞു.

evamthus
evam:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
uktāhaving been spoken to / addressed
uktā:
Karta (कर्ता) (as predicate qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootvac (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormKṛdanta past passive participle (क्त-प्रत्यय), feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), nominative (प्रथमा) singular (एकवचन); agrees with ‘kaikeyī’
tubut
tu:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/विरोधसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, particle/conjunction (निपात)
kaikeyīKaikeyi
kaikeyī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkaikeyī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), nominative (प्रथमा) singular (एकवचन)
rāghaveṇaby Raghava (Rama)
rāghaveṇa:
Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootrāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), instrumental (तृतीया) singular (एकवचन)
mahātmanāby the great-souled
mahātmanā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormCompound: mahā + ātman (कर्मधारय); masculine, instrumental (तृतीया) singular; qualifies ‘rāghaveṇa’
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) singular (एकवचन), parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
idamthis
idam:
Karma (कर्म) (object of ‘uvāca’)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), accusative (द्वितीया) singular; qualifies ‘vacaḥ’ (as ‘this’)
sunirlajjāutterly shameless
sunirlajjā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu + nirlajjā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormCompound: su (अव्यय ‘very’) + nirlajjā (निर्लज्जा) (अव्ययीभाव); feminine, nominative singular; qualifies ‘kaikeyī’
dhṛṣṭamimpudent
dhṛṣṭam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhṛṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), accusative (द्वितीया) singular; qualifies ‘vacaḥ’
ātmahitamself-serving / in her own interest
ātmahitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootātman + hita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormCompound: ātman + hita (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘for oneself’); neuter, accusative singular; qualifies ‘vacaḥ’
vacaḥwords
vacaḥ:
Karma (कर्म) (object of ‘uvāca’)
TypeNoun
Rootvacas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), accusative (द्वितीया) singular

When Kaikeyi was thus asked by the magnanimous scion of the Raghus (Rama) sheuttered unashamed these impudent words in her own interest.

K
Kaikeyī
R
Rāma

FAQs

The verse frames a dharmic warning: when self-interest overrides shame and moral restraint, speech becomes a tool of adharma and harms the righteous.

After Rāma’s repeated inquiries, the narration signals that Kaikeyī is about to respond with audacious, self-serving demands.

By contrast: Rāma’s nobility (mahātman) is highlighted against Kaikeyī’s shameless self-interest, sharpening the moral tension of the scene.