Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 14, Shloka 32

सत्यपाशः

Kaikeyi’s Demand and the Noose of the King’s Promise

Devanagari script

सत्वपश्यद्विनिष्क्रान्तं सुमन्त्रं नाम सारथिम्।।।।द्वारे मनुजसिंहस्य सचिवं प्रियदर्शनम्।

Transliteration

sa tvapaśyad viniṣkrāntaṃ sumantraṃ nāma sārathim |

dvāre manujasiṃhasya sacivaṃ priyadarśanam ||

Translation

അപ്പോൾ അദ്ദേഹം മനുജസിംഹൻ (ദശരഥൻ) എന്ന രാജാവിന്റെ വാതിലിൽ, സുമന്ത്രൻ എന്ന സാരഥി—സുന്ദരദർശിയായ മന്ത്രി, സെക്രട്ടറി—പുറത്തേക്ക് വരുന്നതു കണ്ടു.

Word by Word

• तम्: to him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन (object)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परस्मैपद; perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• महातेजाः: highly radiant
• महातेजाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् + तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक; components: महत्, तेजस्)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समासः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; 'वसिष्ठः' इति विशेषणम्

• सूतपुत्रम्: son of the charioteer
• सूतपुत्रम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूत + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक; components: सूत, पुत्र)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सूतस्य पुत्रः); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; 'तम्' इत्यस्य विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन

• विशारदम्: skilled, expert
• विशारदम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विशारद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; 'सूतपुत्रम्/तम्' इति विशेषणम्

• वसिष्ठः: Vasiṣṭha
• वसिष्ठः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन (subject)

• क्षिप्रम्: quickly
• क्षिप्रम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्षिप्रम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: quickly)

• आचक्ष्व: announce, inform
• आचक्ष्व: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√चक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (आज्ञार्थ; imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• नृपतेः: to the king
• नृपतेः: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-एकवचन (genitive: 'of/to the king' in sense of recipient)

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया-एकवचन (object)

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देशवाचक (adverb: here)

• आगतम्: arrived/come
• आगतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ-√गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; 'माम्' इति विशेषणम् (me who has come)

Context

Sage Vasistha saw handsome Sumantra, minister to Dasaratha, a lion among the charioteers coming out of the gate.

Characters & Entities

• Vasistha
• Sumantra
• Dasaratha

FAQs

Who is referred to as 'Manujasimha' in this verse?

King Dasaratha is referred to as 'Manujasimha' (Lion among men), signifying his royal power and preeminence.

What dual roles does Sumantra hold in the court of Ayodhya?

Sumantra is identified as both a 'Sārathi' (charioteer) and a 'Saciva' (minister), indicating he was a trusted counselor as well as the King's personal driver.