Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 111, Shloka 11

Devanagari script

स हि राजा जनयिता पिता दशरथो मम।आज्ञातं यन्मया तस्य न तन्मिथ्या भविष्यति।।।।

Transliteration

sa hi rājā janayitā pitā daśaratho mama | ājñātaṃ yan mayā tasya na tan mithyā bhaviṣyati ||

Translation

എന്നെ ജനിപ്പിച്ച പിതാവ് രാജാ ദശരഥനാണ്; ഞാൻ അവനോടു ചെയ്ത പ്രതിജ്ഞ ഒരിക്കലും അസത്യമാകുകയില്ല.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निर्देश

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थक (indeed/for)

• राजा: king
• राजा: Karta (कर्ता; विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'सः' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• जनयिता: begetter
• जनयिता: Karta (कर्ता; विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन् (धातु) + णिच् + तृच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: कर्तरि तृच्-प्रत्ययान्त (agent noun), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; “begetter”

• पिता: father
• पिता: Karta (कर्ता; विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'सः' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• दशरथः: Daśaratha
• दशरथः: Karta (कर्ता; अप्पोजिशन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• आज्ञातम्: promised/assented
• आज्ञातम्: Karma (कर्म; 'यत्' इत्यस्य)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + ज्ञा (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अत्र “promised/assented/acknowledged” अर्थे

• यत्: whatever
• यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक

• मया: by me
• मया: Karta (कर्ता—तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (करण), एकवचन; कर्तृ-निर्देशः (agent)

• तस्य: to him, of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; “of him/to him” (contextually dative-like relation)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karta (कर्ता; 'भविष्यति' इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निर्देश

• मिथ्या: false, untrue
• मिथ्या: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/विधेयविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मिथ्या (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विधेय-विशेषणवत् (predicate adverb: falsely)

• भविष्यति: will become, will be
• भविष्यति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (भविष्यत्/Future), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

King Dasaratha is my father who begot me. The promise I made him shall not prove false.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Daśaratha
• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya as dharma: a promise made to one’s father (and king) must be upheld; truthfulness is treated as non-negotiable moral order.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma affirms that he will not violate the commitment connected to Daśaratha, even amid emotional and political pressure.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truth-steadfastness (satya-niṣṭhā) and filial loyalty—integrity that refuses convenient reversal.