Valmiki Ramayana 2.105.36: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 105, Shloka 36

भरतस्य प्रार्थना—रामस्य कालधर्मोपदेशः

Bharata’s Petition and Rama’s Instruction on Time and Mortality

Devanagari script

आयुरुत्तममासाद्य भोगानपि च राघवः।स न शोच्यः पिता तात स्वर्गत स्सत्कृत स्सताम्।।2.105.36।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.105.36

Transliteration

āyur uttamam āsādya bhogān api ca rāghavaḥ | sa na śocyaḥ pitā tāta svargataḥ satkṛtaḥ satām || 2.105.36 ||

Translation

താതാ, നമ്മുടെ പിതാവായ രാഘവൻ ഉത്തമമായ ആയുസ്സും ഭോഗങ്ങളും പ്രാപിച്ച്, സജ്ജനന്മാർ ആദരിച്ചവനായി സ്വർഗ്ഗം പ്രാപിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു; അതിനാൽ അദ്ദേഹം ശോചിക്കേണ്ടവൻ അല്ല.

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Word by Word

• आयुः: life-span
• आयुः: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (कर्म)

• उत्तमम्: excellent
• उत्तमम्: कर्म (Karma/Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (आयुः)

• आसाद्य: having attained
• आसाद्य: क्रियाविशेषण (absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ- सद् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), पूर्वकाल

• भोगान्: pleasures
• भोगान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: निपात (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-भाव (particle: also/even)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात

• राघवः: O Rāghava
• राघवः: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; संबोधनार्थे नाम (here: addressing Rāma)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: निषेध (negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation)

• शोच्यः: to be mourned
• शोच्यः: विधेय (predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुच् (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive: 'to be mourned'), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषणम्

• पिता: father
• पिता: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सः इत्यस्य विशेष्य (apposition)

• तात: O dear
• तात: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

• स्वर्गतः: to heaven
• स्वर्गतः: गति/देश (adverbial goal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (तसिल्-अव्यय)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (adverbial goal)

• सत्कृतः: honoured
• सत्कृतः: विधेय/विशेषण (predicate/attribute)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत् + कृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (PPP; 'honoured'), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (पिता)

• सताम्: of the virtuous
• सताम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

Context

O dear! our father, king Dasaratha, who was honoured by the virtuous and enjoyed the best of pleasures attained heaven after a long life. Therefore, he is not to be grieved over.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha (Rāghava)
• Svarga (heaven)
• Sat (the virtuous)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Grief should be governed by dharmic discernment: when a life is completed with honor and righteousness, excessive mourning is discouraged.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata directly instructs his brother not to grieve for Daśaratha, presenting his death as an honorable transition.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fortitude (dhairya) and clarity: Bharata models restrained, value-based mourning.