Shloka 54

Devanagari script

आयस्ते विपुलः कच्चित्कच्चिदल्पतरो व्ययः।अपात्रेषु न ते कच्चित्कोशो गच्छति राघव।।।।

Transliteration

āyas te vipulaḥ kaccit kaccid alpataro vyayaḥ | apātreṣu na te kaccit kośo gacchati rāghava ||

Translation

ഹേ രാഘവ! കച്ചിത് നിന്റെ വരുമാനം വിപുലമാണോ, ചെലവ് നിയന്ത്രിതമാണോ? കൂടാതെ അർഹതയില്ലാത്തവരിൽ നിന്റെ രാജകോശം പാഴാകുന്നില്ലല്ലോ?

Word by Word

• āyaḥ: revenue, income
• āyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)

• te: your
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)

• vipulaḥ: abundant, ample
• vipulaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vipula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of āyaḥ

• kaccit: I hope; is it the case that...?
• kaccit: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle to clause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kaccit (अव्यय)
• Form: Interrogative particle (praśna-nipāta/प्रश्ननिपात), expressing anxious inquiry/hope

• kaccit: I hope; is it the case that...?
• kaccit: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle to clause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kaccit (अव्यय)
• Form: Interrogative particle (praśna-nipāta/प्रश्ननिपात)

• alpatarāḥ: smaller, less
• alpatarāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: alpatara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन); comparative (-tara), viśeṣaṇa of vyayaḥ

• vyayaḥ: expenditure
• vyayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)

• apātreṣu: among the undeserving
• apātreṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location-context)
• Type: Noun
• Root: apātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Saptamī vibhakti (Locative/सप्तमी), Bahuvacana (Plural/बहुवचन)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation to verb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (niṣedha/निषेध)

• te: your
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)

• kaccit: I hope; is it the case that...?
• kaccit: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle to clause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kaccit (अव्यय)
• Form: Interrogative particle (praśna-nipāta/प्रश्ननिपात)

• kośaḥ: treasury
• kośaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kośa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)

• gacchati: goes, is spent/flows
• gacchati: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (गम् धातु)
• Form: Laṭ lakāra (Present/लट्), Prathama puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• rāghava: O Rāghava (Bharata)
• rāghava: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Sambodhana (Vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)

Context

O Bharata, I trust, your revenues are abundant and expenditure much less. I trust you do not give away your treasure to undeserving persons.

Characters & Entities

• Rāghava (Bharata)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A king’s dharma includes fiscal restraint and just distribution: wealth should be protected and used for worthy purposes, not wasted on unfit recipients.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama questions Bharata about the health of the kingdom’s administration, focusing on responsible governance and protection of state resources.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rajadharma—prudence, integrity, and discernment in public finance and patronage.