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Shloka 52

शततमः सर्गः — Rāma Questions Bharata on Rājadharma

Governance, Counsel, and Public Welfare

कच्चिन्न सर्वे कर्मान्ताः प्रत्यक्षास्तेऽविशङ्कया।सर्वे वा पुनरुत्सृष्टा मध्यमेवात्र कारणम्।।।।

kaccin na sarve karmāntāḥ pratyakṣās te 'viśaṅkayā |

sarve vā punar utsṛṣṭā madhyam evātra kāraṇam || 2.100.52 ||

കച്ചിത് നിന്റെ എല്ലാ പ്രവർത്തകരും സംശയമില്ലാതെ നേരിട്ട് നിന്റെ സന്നിധിയിലേക്കു വരുമോ? അതുപോലെ അവരെ പൂർണ്ണമായി അകറ്റി നിർത്തുന്നതുമല്ലല്ലോ? ഇവിടെ മധ്യമമാർഗ്ഗം തന്നെയാണ് യുക്തമായ നയം.

कच्चित्I trust?
कच्चित्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकच्चित् (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative/particle (प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), बहुवचन
कर्मान्ताःworkers/servants (task-officials)
कर्मान्ताः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; समास: कर्मणः अन्तः/अन्ताः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष); here 'officials/agents at the end of tasks' (servants/work-supervisors)
प्रत्यक्षाःpresent/appearing before (you)
प्रत्यक्षाः:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/ predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रत्यक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; predicate adjective with implied 'भवन्ति'
तेto you/your
ते:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध) एकवचन; enclitic form
अविशङ्कयाwithout fear/suspicion
अविशङ्कया:
Karana (करण/instrumental-adverbial)
TypeNoun
Rootअ + विशङ्का (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन; adverbial: 'without suspicion/fear'
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (पुनरावृत्त्यर्थक-अव्यय)
उत्सृष्टाःdismissed/kept at a distance
उत्सृष्टाः:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/ predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत् + सृज् (धातु) + क्त (PPP)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; predicate with implied 'भवन्ति' meaning 'dismissed/kept away/let loose'
मध्यम्the middle course
मध्यम्:
Karta (कर्ता/predicate-noun)
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; with एव: 'the middle course'
एवindeed/only
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (अवधारण-अव्यय)
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
FormDeictic adverb (देशवाचक-अव्यय)
कारणम्reason/cause
कारणम्:
Karta (कर्ता/predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootकारण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; predicate noun

All the servants, I trust, do not present themselves to you directly. At the same time they do not remain out of sight with fear at a distance. The middle course is the best way for the welfare of every one.

B
Bharata

FAQs

Dharma in administration is balance: neither excessive familiarity nor fearful distance. The ruler should maintain an appropriate, fair relationship with officials for effective and just governance.

Rāma advises Bharata on managing staff and access—how to prevent both disorder (too much closeness) and oppression (too much fear).

Measured leadership: steadiness and fairness that sustains morale while preserving authority.