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Shloka 20

सीताहरणम्

Ravana reveals his true form and abducts Sita

ततस्तां परुषैर्वाक्यैर्भर्त्सयन्स महास्वनः।।3.49.20।।अङ्केनादाय वैदेहीं रथमारोपयत्तदा।

tatas tāṃ paruṣair vākyair bhartsayan sa mahāsvanaḥ | aṅkenādāya vaidehīṃ ratham āropayat tadā ||

പിന്നീട് മഹാനാദത്തോടെ ഗർജ്ജിച്ചു കഠിനവചനങ്ങളാൽ അവളെ ശാസിച്ചുകൊണ്ട്, അവൻ വൈദേഹിയെ മടിയിൽ എടുത്ത് രഥത്തിൽ കയറ്റി ഇരുത്തി.

ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb), क्रम/कालवाचक (then/thereafter)
ताम्her
ताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
परुषैःwith harsh
परुषैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण (adjective), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masc/Neut), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural); ‘वाक्यैः’ इति विशेषणम्
वाक्यैःwords
वाक्यैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)
भर्त्सयन्reproaching
भर्त्सयन्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootभर्त्स् (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle, शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); कर्तृसमाना ‘सः’
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
महास्वनःthe loud-voiced one
महास्वनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-स्वन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय (descriptive), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
अङ्केनon (his) lap/with the lap
अङ्केन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्क (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
आदायhaving taken up
आदाय:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ-दा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), ‘having taken/lifted’
वैदेहीम्Vaidehi (Sita)
वैदेहीम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवैदेही (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
आरोपयत्made (her) mount/placed
आरोपयत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुह्/आ-रोप् (धातु; causative of √रुह्)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), णिच्-प्रत्यय (Causative)
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

Reproaching the princess from Videha loudly and harshly, Ravana took her on his lap and put her on the chariot.

R
Rāvaṇa
S
Sītā (Vaidehī)
R
ratha (chariot)

FAQs

Dharma is violated through coercion in word and deed: harsh speech and forced movement demonstrate domination rather than righteous persuasion or restraint.

Rāvaṇa escalates from threats to physical abduction, placing Sītā onto his chariot.

Sītā’s moral integrity is implicit: despite being overpowered, she remains the wronged party, preserving her dharmic stance.