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Shloka 12

मायामृगप्रकरणम्

The Illusory Deer Episode: Ravana and Maricha at Rama’s Hermitage

अवतीर्य रथात्तस्मात्ततः काञ्चनभूषणात्।हस्ते गृहीत्वा मारीचं रावणो वाक्यमब्रवीत्।।3.42.12।।

avatīrya rathāt tasmāt tataḥ kāñcanabhūṣaṇāt |

haste gṛhītvā mārīcaṃ rāvaṇo vākyam abravīt ||3.42.12||

പിന്നീട് സ്വർണാഭരണങ്ങളാൽ അലങ്കരിച്ച ആ രഥത്തിൽ നിന്ന് ഇറങ്ങി, രാവണൻ മാരീചന്റെ കൈ പിടിച്ച് അവനോടു വചനം പറഞ്ഞു.

avatīryahaving descended
avatīrya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootava-√tṝ (तॄ धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive): ‘having descended’
rathātfrom the chariot
rathāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन
tasmātfrom that
tasmāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी, एकवचन
tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
Formक्रमवाचक-अव्यय
kāñcana-bhūṣaṇātfrom the gold-ornamented (one)
kāñcana-bhūṣaṇāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootkāñcana (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; तृतीया/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थः: ‘from (the chariot) adorned with gold ornaments’ (kāñcanaiḥ bhūṣaṇaiḥ)
hastein the hand
haste:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roothasta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; locative ‘in/with the hand’
gṛhītvāhaving taken hold of
gṛhītvā:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√grah (ग्रह् धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive): ‘having seized/held’
mārīcamMaricha
mārīcam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmārīca (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
rāvaṇaḥRavana
rāvaṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
vākyamwords/speech
vākyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvākya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
abravītsaid
abravīt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√brū (ब्रू धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; parasmaipada

Then Ravana got off the chariot decorated with golden embellishments and, holding Maricha's hand, said:.

R
Rāvaṇa
M
Mārīca
R
Ratha (chariot)

FAQs

The verse highlights coercive leadership: physical control (“holding by the hand”) precedes instruction. Dharma cautions against using power and intimidation to compel others into harmful acts.

At the hermitage vicinity, Rāvaṇa dismounts and prepares to direct Mārīca to enact the deception.

Mārīca’s agency is pressured; the scene foregrounds the absence of righteous restraint in Rāvaṇa’s conduct—an anti-virtue (abuse of authority).