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Shloka 22

अरण्यकाण्डे द्वात्रिंशः सर्गः

Śūrpaṇakhā’s Report to Rāvaṇa and the Panegyric of His Might

तं दिव्यवस्त्राभरणं दिव्यमाल्योपशोभितम्।आसने सूपविष्टं च कालकालमिवोद्यतम्।।।।

taṃ divyavastrābharaṇaṃ divyamālyopaśobhitam |

āsane sūpaviṣṭaṃ ca kālakālam ivodyatam ||

ദിവ്യവസ്ത്രാഭരണങ്ങളാൽ അലങ്കരിക്കപ്പെട്ടവനും, ദിവ്യമാലകളാൽ ശോഭിതനുമായ; സിംഹാസനത്തിൽ ദൃഢമായി ഇരുന്ന—മൃത്യുവിന്നും മൃത്യുവെന്നപോലെ, പ്രഹരിക്കാൻ ഉദ്യതനായ—അവനെ അവൾ കണ്ടു.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
दिव्य-वस्त्र-आभरणम्(him) with divine garments and ornaments
दिव्य-वस्त्र-आभरणम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य + वस्त्र + आभरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; adjective to 'तम्' (adorned with divine garments and ornaments)
दिव्य-माल्य-उपशोभितम्beautified with divine garlands
दिव्य-माल्य-उपशोभितम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य + माल्य + उप-शोभ् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त, PPP: उपशोभित); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'beautified with divine garlands'
आसनेon a seat
आसने:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootआसन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन; locative singular
सु-उपविष्टम्well seated
सु-उपविष्टम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु + उप-विश् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त, PPP: उपविष्ट); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; with उपसर्ग 'सु' (well-seated)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
काल-कालम्Death to Death (Yama)
काल-कालम्:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल + काल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'death to Death (Yama)' used in simile
इवlike
इव:
Upama-dyotaka (उपमा-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमा-सूचक (simile particle)
उद्यतम्poised; ready (to strike)
उद्यतम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्-यम् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त, PPP: उद्यत); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'raised/ready'

Resplendently attired, adorned with jewels, wearing beautiful gardlands, seated on a raised throne, he(Ravana) was like death to even the lord of death;

R
Rāvaṇa
K
Kāla (Death/Time)

FAQs

Outer splendor can mask inner unrighteousness; Dharma evaluates character and conduct, not display. The verse uses grandeur to heighten the danger of power divorced from moral restraint.

The scene frames Rāvaṇa’s courtly presence just before Śūrpaṇakhā speaks, increasing dramatic tension.

The implied virtue is humility and self-control—contrasted with a ruler presented as terrifyingly ‘death-like’ in dominance.