Shloka 65

Genealogy of the Ancestors (Pitṛs) and the Procedure of Śrāddha

Devanagari script

पद्म बिल्वार्कादुत्तूर पारिभद्राटरूषकाः । न देयाः पितृकार्येषु पयश्चाजाविकं तथा

Transliteration

padma bilvārkāduttūra pāribhadrāṭarūṣakāḥ | na deyāḥ pitṛkāryeṣu payaścājāvikaṃ tathā

Translation

പദ്മം, ബില്വം, അർക്കം, ധത്തൂര, പാരിജാതം, അറ്റരൂഷകം—ഇവ പിതൃകാര്യങ്ങളിൽ അർപ്പിക്കരുത്; അതുപോലെ ആടിന്റെയോ ചെമ്മരിയാടിന്റെയോ പാൽയും നൽകരുത്।

Word by Word

• पद्म: lotus
• पद्म: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (जातिवाचक)

• बिल्वार्कादुत्तूर: bilva, arka, and dhattūra
• बिल्वार्कादुत्तूर: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बिल्व + अर्क + दुत्तूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (समाहार/सूचीभाव); समासः—बिल्वश्च अर्कश्च दुत्तूरश्च (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व)

• पारिभद्राटरूषकाः: pāribhadrā and aṭarūṣaka plants
• पारिभद्राटरूषकाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पारिभद्र + अटरूषक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः—पारिभद्राश्च अटरूषकाश्च (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-निपात (negation particle)

• देयाः: should be given
• देयाः: Vidhi/Pratishedha (Prohibitive predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: देय (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from √दा ‘to give’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विधिलिङ्गार्थे भाव्य-विशेषणम् (to be given) with negation ‘न’

• पितृकार्येषु: in rites for the ancestors
• पितृकार्येषु: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ + कार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), बहुवचन; समासः—पितॄणां कार्येषु (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• पयः: milk
• पयः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात

• आजाविकम्: goat’s and sheep’s (milk)
• आजाविकम्: Visheshana (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अज + आविक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः—अजं च आविकं च (समाहार-द्वन्द्व); विशेषणम् ‘पयः’

• तथा: likewise; also
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार/समुच्चयवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: likewise/also)

Speaker

Unspecified (context-dependent within Sṛṣṭikhaṇḍa narrative)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: बिल्वार्कादुत्तूर = बिल्व + अर्क + दुत्तूर (list-compound). पयश्चाजाविकम् = पयः + च + आजाविकम् (visarga sandhi: पयः + च → पयश्च).

Characters & Entities

• Pitṛs (ancestors)

FAQs

What does this verse prescribe for Pitṛkārya (ancestral rites)?

It lists specific plants/flowers that should not be offered during rites for the ancestors and adds that goat’s/sheep’s milk is likewise not to be used as an offering.

Does the verse give a general rule about purity in offerings?

Yes—by naming exclusions, it implies that śrāddha offerings are governed by suitability rules (dravya-niyama), where certain items are considered inappropriate for Pitṛ-related rituals.

What is the ethical or practical lesson conveyed here?

Ritual responsibility: one should follow prescribed do’s and don’ts in ancestral observances to avoid improper offerings and to maintain the intended sanctity of the rite.