Shloka 64

Genealogy of the Ancestors (Pitṛs) and the Procedure of Śrāddha

Devanagari script

शस्त्राणि च प्रवक्ष्यामि श्राद्धे वर्ज्यानि यानि च । मसूर शण निष्पावा राजमाषाः कुलुत्थकाः

Transliteration

śastrāṇi ca pravakṣyāmi śrāddhe varjyāni yāni ca | masūra śaṇa niṣpāvā rājamāṣāḥ kulutthakāḥ

Translation

ഇപ്പോൾ ശ്രാദ്ധകർമ്മത്തിൽ വർജ്യമായ ദ്രവ്യങ്ങൾ പറയുന്നു—മസൂർ, ശണബീജം, നിഷ്പാവ പയർ, രാജമാഷ, കുലുത്ത (കുതിരപ്പയർ) എന്നിവ।

Word by Word

• शस्त्राणि: items (here: vegetables/greens; lit. ‘śastra’ in this context)
• शस्त्राणि: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात

• प्रवक्ष्यामि: I shall declare
• प्रवक्ष्यामि: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्गः प्र-

• श्राद्धे: in the śrāddha rite
• श्राद्धे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• वर्ज्यानि: to be avoided
• वर्ज्यानि: Visheshana (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर्ज्य (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from √वृज्/वर्ज् ‘to avoid’)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), बहुवचन; भाव्य/विधेय-विशेषणम् ‘शस्त्राणि’

• यानि: which
• यानि: Anuyogi (Relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धक-यत् (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात

• मसूर: lentil
• मसूर: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मसूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (उद्देश), एकवचन (जातिवाचक)

• शण: hemp/linseed plant (śaṇa)
• शण: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (जातिवाचक)

• निष्पावाः: niṣpāva beans
• निष्पावाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निष्पाव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• राजमाषाः: rājamāṣa (a superior variety of black gram)
• राजमाषाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज + माष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः—राजा इव माषः/श्रेष्ठो माषः (कर्मधारय)

• कुलुत्थकाः: horse-gram (kulattha)
• कुलुत्थकाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुलुत्थक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Speaker

Unspecified (instructional narrator within the Śrāddha guidelines context)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: No major external sandhi beyond standard metrical concatenation; list items are in nominative as a catalogue of ‘varjyāni’.

FAQs

What does this verse prescribe regarding Śrāddha offerings?

It lists specific legumes/seeds that should be avoided when performing Śrāddha: masūra (lentil), śaṇa (hemp), niṣpāva, rājamāṣa, and kulattha (horse-gram).

Is this verse about Bhakti or theology?

No. It is primarily a dharma/ritual guideline verse concerned with proper conduct and purity in the ancestral Śrāddha rite.

What is the ethical lesson implied by this instruction?

Ritual ethics in this context emphasizes care, restraint, and adherence to prescribed standards—performing ancestral rites with attentiveness to what is considered appropriate and non-disruptive to the rite.