Shloka 22

Brahmin Right Conduct: Morning Remembrance, Bathing, Purification, and Tarpaṇa Method

Devanagari script

परतो घटिकायुग्मं यावद्यामैकमाह्निकम् । मधुतुल्यं जलं तस्मिन्पितॄणां प्रीतिवर्धनम्

Transliteration

parato ghaṭikāyugmaṃ yāvadyāmaikamāhnikam | madhutulyaṃ jalaṃ tasminpitṝṇāṃ prītivardhanam

Translation

അതിന് ശേഷം രണ്ട് ഘടിക മുതൽ ഒരു യാമവും ആഹ്നികകാലവും വരെ അവിടെ അർപ്പിച്ച ജലം തേൻപോലെ ആയി പിതൃകളുടെ പ്രീതിയെ വർധിപ്പിക്കുന്നു.

Word by Word

• parataḥ: thereafter
• parataḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: paratas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning ‘afterwards/further’

• ghaṭikā-yugmam: two ghaṭikās (a pair)
• ghaṭikā-yugmam: Kāla-parimāṇa (कालपरिमाण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ghaṭikā (प्रातिपदिक) + yugma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dvigu compound (द्विगु) ‘a pair of ghaṭikās’; Neuter, Accusative, Singular; time-measure

• yāvat: up to/as long as
• yāvat: Parimāṇa (परिमाण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yāvat (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, correlative particle (extent)

• yāma-ekam: one yāma
• yāma-ekam: Kāla-parimāṇa (कालपरिमाण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yāma (प्रातिपदिक) + eka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dvigu compound; Neuter, Accusative, Singular; time-measure ‘one yāma’

• āhnikam: a daily period/rite (āhnika)
• āhnikam: Kāla-parimāṇa (कालपरिमाण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āhnika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular; appositional to yāma-ekam (as a daily period/rite)

• madhu-tulyam: equal to honey
• madhu-tulyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: madhu (प्रातिपदिक) + tulya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Neuter, Nominative, Singular; predicate adjective of jalam

• jalam: water
• jalam: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• tasmin: in that (time/state)
• tasmin: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Neuter/Masculine, Locative (7th), Singular

• pitṝṇām: of the ancestors
• pitṝṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• prīti-vardhanam: increasing (their) satisfaction
• prīti-vardhanam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prīti (प्रातिपदिक) + vardhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Neuter, Nominative, Singular; predicate adjective of jalam

Speaker

Not specified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: yāvadyāmaikamāhnikam → yāvat + yāma-ekam + āhnikam; tasminpitṝṇāṃ → tasmin + pitṝṇām.

Characters & Entities

• Pitṛs (ancestors)

FAQs

What practice is this verse referring to regarding the Pitṛs?

It refers to offerings of water (tarpana/related ancestral rites) whose efficacy is praised—stating that the offered water becomes “honey-like” for the Pitṛs and increases their satisfaction.

What do ghaṭikā, yāma, and āhnika indicate here?

They are traditional measures of ritual time: a ghaṭikā is a time-unit, a yāma is a larger “watch” period, and āhnika refers to the daily prescribed observances/rites—together emphasizing that timing and duration matter in the rite.

What ethical or spiritual lesson is implied by the verse?

It highlights gratitude and duty toward one’s ancestors: sincere, timely ritual offerings are portrayed as a way to nourish ancestral well-being and uphold familial and dharmic responsibility.