Shloka 2

Viśokā Dvādaśī Vow, Guḍa-Dhenū (Jaggery-Cow) Gift, and Śaila-Dāna (Mountain-Charity) Rites

Devanagari script

सोमसूर्यादयो यस्य तेजसा विगतप्रभाः । भवंति शतशो येन दानवाश्च पराजिताः

Transliteration

somasūryādayo yasya tejasā vigataprabhāḥ | bhavaṃti śataśo yena dānavāśca parājitāḥ

Translation

അവന്റെ തേജസ്സാൽ ചന്ദ്രൻ, സൂര്യൻ മുതലായവരുടെ പ്രഭയും മങ്ങിപ്പോകുമായിരുന്നു; അവനാൽ നൂറുകണക്കിന് ദാനവർ പരാജിതരായി।

Word by Word

• सोमसूर्यादयः: the moon, the sun, and others
• सोमसूर्यादयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक) + सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: सोम-सूर्य-आदयः (सोमः सूर्यः च आदयः येषाम्/ये) इतरेतर-समाहार/आदि-तत्पुरुषभाव; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Genitive Singular (relative pronoun)

• तेजसा: by (his) splendor
• तेजसा: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• विगतप्रभाः: deprived of radiance
• विगतप्रभाः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विगत (वि + गम्, क्त-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + प्रभा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: विगत-प्रभ (प्रभा विगता येषाम्) बहुव्रीहिसदृशार्थे तत्पुरुष-प्रयोग; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भवन्ति: become/are
• भवन्ति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; Present, 3rd person, Plural

• शतशः: by the hundred
• शतशः: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शतशः (अव्यय)
• Form: परिमाण/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय; 'by hundreds/in hundreds'

• येन: by whom
• येन: Karana (Instrument/Agent-instr./करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental Singular (relative pronoun)

• दानवाः: demons (Dānavas)
• दानवाः: Karta (Subject of passive/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय; conjunction

• पराजिताः: were defeated
• पराजिताः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परा + जि (धातु) → पराजित (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle) प्रयुक्तः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Masculine, Nominative, Plural; finite sense: 'were defeated'

Speaker

Not specified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: सोमसूर्यादयो = सोमसूर्य + आदयः; दानवाश्च = दानवाः + च (visarga sandhi).

Characters & Entities

• Soma (Moon)
• Sūrya (Sun)
• Dānavas

FAQs

Who is being praised as surpassing the Sun and Moon in this verse?

The verse praises an unnamed supreme figure whose tejas (radiant power) outshines even Soma and Sūrya; the specific deity/person is not identifiable from this single verse without the surrounding context.

What does “vigataprabhāḥ” imply philosophically?

It implies a hierarchy of power: even the greatest cosmic luminaries are secondary to the ultimate radiance, suggesting that worldly brilliance is derivative when compared to the supreme source.

What ethical or devotional lesson is conveyed by the defeat of the Dānavas?

It frames adharma as ultimately powerless before divine tejas—encouraging trust in righteous order and devotion to the supreme protector who subdues destructive forces.