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Shloka 16

Qualities and Faults of Heaven; Karma-Bhumi vs Phala-Bhumi; Turning to Viṣṇu’s Supreme Abode

शुभं सनातनं ज्योतिः परंब्रह्मेति तद्विदुः । न तत्र मूढा गच्छंति पुरुषा विषयात्मकाः

śubhaṃ sanātanaṃ jyotiḥ paraṃbrahmeti tadviduḥ | na tatra mūḍhā gacchaṃti puruṣā viṣayātmakāḥ

വിദ്വാന്മാർ അതിനെ മംഗളമായ സനാതന ജ്യോതി—പരബ്രഹ്മം—എന്നു അറിയുന്നു; വിഷയബന്ധിതരായ മൂഢപുരുഷന്മാർ അവിടെ പോകുന്നില്ല.

śubhamauspicious
śubham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśubha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Ekavacana (एकवचन); predicate adjective qualifying 'jyotiḥ'
sanātanameternal
sanātanam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsanātana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Ekavacana (एकवचन); predicate adjective qualifying 'jyotiḥ'
jyotiḥlight; radiance
jyotiḥ:
Karma (कर्म) (as object of 'viduḥ' in sense 'they know it as...')
TypeNoun
Rootjyotis (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
parama-brahmathe Supreme Brahman
parama-brahma:
Viśeṣya (विशेष्य) / Predicate nominative (समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootparama (प्रातिपदिक) + brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Ekavacana (एकवचन); samānādhikaraṇa with 'jyotiḥ' via 'iti'
itithus; as
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) (quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-प्रयोगः), marks reported designation
tatthat (it)
tat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (द्वितीया/2nd), Ekavacana (एकवचन); pronoun referring to 'jyotiḥ/parama-brahma'
viduḥthey know
viduḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vid (विद्) (धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्, Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष/3rd), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) (negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) (location)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
FormAdverb of place (देशवाचक-अव्यय)
mūḍhāḥthe deluded (people)
mūḍhāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmūḍha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); used substantively
gacchantigo; reach
gacchanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (गम्) (धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्, Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष/3rd), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन)
puruṣāḥmen; persons
puruṣāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (appositional)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); apposition to 'mūḍhāḥ'
viṣaya-ātmakāḥsense-object-oriented; worldly-minded
viṣaya-ātmakāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootviṣaya (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa sense 'viṣayasya ātmā (svabhāvaḥ) yeṣām' (having the nature of sense-objects)

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses of Adhyaya 95).

Concept: The supreme goal is eternal auspicious Light (Parabrahman); sense-bound delusion obstructs entry.

Application: Reduce compulsive sense-chasing; adopt daily sādhana (japa, nāma-kīrtana, sat-saṅga) that turns attention from objects to the luminous source.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Type: celestial_realm

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"An immense, formless sphere of auspicious light fills the upper sky, not like fire but like consciousness itself—calm, steady, and all-pervading. Below, two paths diverge: one crowded with figures chasing glittering sense-objects, the other a quiet ascent of a few purified seekers moving toward the luminous expanse.","primary_figures":["purified knowers (tad-vidaḥ)","sense-bound men (viṣayātmakaḥ)","symbolic presence of Parabrahman/Viṣṇu as light"],"setting":"symbolic crossroads beneath a vast self-luminous sky; minimal architecture to emphasize transcendence","lighting_mood":"self-luminous, shadowless radiance","color_palette":["milk white","pale gold","celestial blue","amethyst haze","soft sandalwood beige"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: a large gold-leaf aura representing sanātana-jyotis dominates the top; below, a split composition—left shows figures entangled in jeweled objects and darkened tones, right shows serene seekers with folded hands; use gold leaf for the supreme light, rich reds for temptation, and traditional ornamentation with a clear moral contrast.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: airy washes and delicate lines; the supreme light rendered as a pale gold-white gradient with subtle lotus motifs; sense-bound figures painted with busy detail and warmer tones, while the seekers are cool-toned and sparse; refined faces and poetic negative space.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines; a large circular halo of pale gold at the top with stylized lotus petals; below, two groups—one with agitated gestures and darker greens/reds, one with calm mudrās and bright yellows; temple-wall symmetry and iconic eyes.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: central radiant lotus-disc (sanātana-jyotis) with intricate floral border; lower register shows worldly bustle with ornaments and objects, contrasted with a small procession of devotees moving toward the disc; deep blue background, gold highlights, and repeating lotus vines."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"meditative","suggested_raga":"Bhupali","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"reverent-soft","sound_elements":["tanpura","soft breath pauses","single bell strike","night insects fading into silence"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: paraṃbrahmeti = parama-brahma + iti; tadviduḥ split as tat + viduḥ (object pronoun + verb).

B
Brahman

FAQs

It identifies the ultimate reality as the auspicious, eternal Light—known by the wise as the Supreme Brahman (paraṃ brahma).

Those described as mūḍha (deluded) and viṣayātmakāḥ (absorbed in sense-objects) are said not to ‘go there,’ i.e., not to attain that Brahman-realization.

It emphasizes vairāgya (dispassion): attachment to sense-objects obstructs liberation, while wisdom oriented to Brahman leads toward the eternal goal.