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Shloka 43

Procedure for the Guḍa-dhenū (Jaggery-Cow) Gift; Ten Dhenu-dānas; Yearlong Gaṅgā Worship and Darśana

यान्यान्कामयते मर्त्यः कामांस्तांस्तानवाप्नुयात् । निष्कामस्तु लभेन्मोक्षं विप्रस्तेनैव जन्मना ॥ ४३ ॥

yānyānkāmayate martyaḥ kāmāṃstāṃstānavāpnuyāt | niṣkāmastu labhenmokṣaṃ viprastenaiva janmanā || 43 ||

മനുഷ്യൻ ഏത് ഏത് ആഗ്രഹങ്ങൾ ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്നുവോ അവയെല്ലാം ലഭിക്കും; എന്നാൽ നിഷ്കാമൻ മോക്ഷം പ്രാപിക്കും—അത്തരം ഭാവജന്മം കൊണ്ടുതന്നെ അവൻ യഥാർത്ഥ വിപ്രനാകുന്നു.

यान्which
यान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Accusative plural (which)
यान्whatever
यान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Accusative plural (which) (repetition for emphasis)
कामयतेdesires
कामयते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√कम् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; Present indicative 3rd person singular (desires)
मर्त्यःa mortal
मर्त्यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular
कामान्desires/objects of desire
कामान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकाम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Accusative plural (desires)
तान्those
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Accusative plural (those)
तान्those very
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Accusative plural (those) (repetition for emphasis)
अवाप्नुयात्would obtain
अवाप्नुयात्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअव + √आप् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (लिङ्-लकार), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; Optative 3rd person singular (may obtain)
निष्कामःdesireless
निष्कामः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिः + काम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपपद/नञ्-तत्पुरुष (कामरहितः); Nominative singular masculine
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक-अव्यय; particle (but/indeed)
लभेत्may attain
लभेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√लभ् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (लिङ्-लकार), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; Optative 3rd person singular (may attain)
मोक्षम्liberation
मोक्षम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular
विप्रःa brāhmaṇa
विप्रः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular
तेनby that (very act)
तेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/हेतु), एकवचन; Instrumental singular (by that/thereby)
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय; emphatic particle
जन्मनाby (that) birth
जन्मना:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/हेतु), एकवचन; Instrumental singular (by birth)

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a Moksha-Dharma context)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta (peace)

Secondary Rasa: bhakti (devotion)

FAQs

It contrasts two trajectories: desire-driven life yields corresponding results (karma-phala), while desirelessness (niṣkāmatā) becomes the direct condition for mokṣa.

By implying that devotion matures when it becomes desire-free—seeking the Divine not for rewards but for liberation—aligning bhakti with niṣkāma orientation rather than transactional worship.

No specific Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa, Jyotiṣa, or Kalpa ritual procedure) is taught here; the takeaway is ethical-spiritual: understand karma’s correspondence with desire and cultivate niṣkāma discipline for moksha.