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Shloka 13

The Description of the Greatness of the Gaṅgā

प्रकृष्टैः पातकै र्घोरैः पापिनः पुरुषाधमान् । प्रसह्य तारयेद्गुंगा गच्छतो निरयेऽशुचौ ॥ १४ ॥

prakṛṣṭaiḥ pātakai rghoraiḥ pāpinaḥ puruṣādhamān | prasahya tārayedguṃgā gacchato niraye'śucau || 14 ||

അത്യന്തം ഘോര പാതകങ്ങളാൽ ഭാരിതരായ, മനുഷ്യരിൽ അധമരായ പാപികളെയും—അശുചി നരകത്തിലേക്ക് പോകുന്നവരെയും—ഗംഗ ബലമായി പോലും കരകയറ്റുന്നു।

प्रकृष्टैःintense/very great
प्रकृष्टैः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रकृष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (agreeing with पातकैः), तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन
पातकैःby sins
पातकैः:
Karana (करण/Instrument-cause)
TypeNoun
Rootपातक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन
घोरैःterrible
घोरैः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (agreeing with पातकैः), तृतीया, बहुवचन
पापिनःsinful
पापिनः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपापिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन; विशेषण of पुरुषाधमान्
पुरुष-अधमान्the lowest men
पुरुष-अधमान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष + अधम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन; ‘lowest of men’
प्रसह्यforcibly
प्रसह्य:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र + सह् (धातु)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive/क्त्वान्त-समकक्ष), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable gerund); ‘having forced/forcibly’
तारयेत्should ferry across / should save
तारयेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; णिच् (causative) भावः—‘cause to cross/save’
गङ्गाGanga
गङ्गा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन
गच्छतःof one going
गच्छतः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle), षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; ‘of one who is going’
निरयेto/in hell
निरये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootनिरय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन
अशुचौimpure
अशुचौ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअशुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (agreeing with निरये), सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन; विशेषण

Suta (narrating the tirtha-mahatmya section; traditional Purana frame)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

G
Ganga

FAQs

It proclaims the extraordinary salvific power (tāraka-śakti) of the Ganga: even those headed to naraka due to severe pātakas can be rescued through her purifying grace as a supreme tirtha.

By elevating Ganga as a divine agency of deliverance, the verse supports bhakti in the form of tirtha-śraddhā—reverent reliance on sacred presence—where surrender and faith in the holy tirtha lead to purification and a turn toward dharmic life.

No specific Vedanga (like Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa) is taught here; the practical takeaway is dharma-śāstric prayāścitta through tirtha practices (e.g., Ganga-snana, japa, and offerings) emphasized in Purāṇic ritual culture.