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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 53

Ekādaśī Vrata-Vidhi and the Galava–Bhadrashīla Itihāsa

Dharmakīrti before Yama

गालव उवाच । कस्त्वं पूर्वं महाभाग किमुक्तं च यमेन ते । कस्य वा केन वा हेतोस्तत्सर्वं वक्तुमर्हसि ॥ ५३ ॥

gālava uvāca | kastvaṃ pūrvaṃ mahābhāga kimuktaṃ ca yamena te | kasya vā kena vā hetostatsarvaṃ vaktumarhasi || 53 ||

ഗാലവൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ മഹാഭാഗ്യവാനേ! നീ മുൻപ് ആരായിരുന്നു? യമൻ നിന്നോട് എന്ത് പറഞ്ഞു? ആരുടെ വേണ്ടി അല്ലെങ്കിൽ ഏത് കാരണത്താൽ ഇതെല്ലാം സംഭവിച്ചു? ദയചെയ്ത് എല്ലാം വിശദമായി പറയുക।

गालवःGālava
गालवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगालव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
कःwho
कः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; interrogative pronoun
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
पूर्वम्formerly / earlier
पूर्वम्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)
महाभागO greatly fortunate one
महाभाग:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootमहाभाग (प्रातिपदिक: महा + भाग)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
किम्what
किम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; interrogative
उक्तम्said / spoken
उक्तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
यमेनby Yama
यमेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
तेto you / of you
ते:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; enclitic form
कस्यof whom
कस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; interrogative
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पबोधक अव्यय (disjunctive particle)
केनby whom / by what
केन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; interrogative
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पबोधक अव्यय (disjunctive particle)
हेतोःof the cause / for what reason
हेतोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootहेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
तत्that
तत्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; demonstrative; qualifies ‘सर्वम्’
सर्वम्all (of it)
सर्वम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन
वक्तुम्to speak
वक्तुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (infinitive)
अर्हसिyou are fit / you ought
अर्हसि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन

Gālava

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

G
Gālava
Y
Yama

FAQs

The verse frames a dharmic inquiry: understanding one’s former identity, the instruction of Yama (as Dharma’s authority), and the karmic cause (hetu) behind events—showing that spiritual clarity begins with precise questioning about karma and dharma.

Indirectly, it supports bhakti by emphasizing humility and the desire to know the truth behind suffering and destiny; such inquiry often leads to seeking refuge in Dharma and, in the Purāṇic arc, ultimately to devotion toward the divine as the highest resolution of karmic bondage.

The verse highlights causal reasoning (hetu) and careful interrogation typical of śāstric method; while no single Vedāṅga is named, the precision of questioning aligns with Vyākaraṇa-style clarity in meaning and Mīmāṃsā-like concern for cause and result in dharma.