Ekādaśī Vrata-Vidhi and the Galava–Bhadrashīla Itihāsa
Dharmakīrti before Yama
उपवासव्रतपरो धर्मकार्यपरायणः । चाण्डालान्पतितांश्चैव नेक्षेदपि कदाचन ॥ २४ ॥
upavāsavrataparo dharmakāryaparāyaṇaḥ | cāṇḍālānpatitāṃścaiva nekṣedapi kadācana || 24 ||
ഉപവാസവ്രതത്തിൽ നിഷ്ഠയും ധർമ്മകാര്യങ്ങളിൽ പരായണതയും ഉള്ളവൻ, ചാണ്ഡാലരെയും പതിതരെയും ഒരിക്കലും, ഏതുസമയത്തും, നോക്കുകപോലും അരുത്।
Sanatkumara (in dialogue with Narada on vrata-dharma and purity rules)
Vrata: none
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: bhakti
It emphasizes strict vrata-discipline: during fasting and religious observance, one should guard the senses and mind by avoiding impure influences and distractions, remaining focused on dharma-kārya.
By insisting on regulated conduct (sadācāra) and sense-restraint during vows, the verse supports bhakti as a disciplined life of purity and single-minded dedication to sacred duty, which steadies devotion.
It reflects Kalpa/Dharma-śāstra style ritual protocol—practical rules for vrata performance and maintaining śauca (ritual purity) while undertaking upavāsa.