Shloka 28

Adhyaya 81 — Suratha and Samadhi Seek Sage Medhas; Introduction to Mahamaya and the Madhukaitabha Origin Account

Sanskrit

कृत्वा तु तौ यथान्यायं यथार्हं तेन संविदम् ।

उपविष्टौ कथाः काश्चिच्चक्रतुर्वैश्य-पार्थिवौ ॥

Transliteration

kṛtvā tu tau yathā-nyāyaṃ yathārhaṃ tena saṃvidam |

upaviṣṭau kathāḥ kāścit cakratur vaiśya-pārthivau ||

Translation

അവനോടു യഥോചിതമായ ആദരസത്കാരങ്ങൾ പരസ്പരം കൈമാറി വ്യാപാരിയും രാജാവും ഇരുന്ന് കുറെ സംഭാഷണം നടത്തി।

Word by Word

• कृत्वा: having done/made
• कृत्वा: पूर्वक्रिया (Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), from √कृ; ‘having done’

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), adversative/emphatic

• तौ: those two
• तौ: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन (Dual)

• यथा-न्यायम्: according to proper rule/justice
• यथा-न्यायम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + न्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास; अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (adverbial)

• यथा-अर्हम्: as is fitting/appropriately
• यथा-अर्हम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + अर्ह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास; अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (adverbial)

• तेन: with him/with that (person)
• तेन: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• संविदम्: conversation/communication
• संविदम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संविद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• उपविष्टौ: sat down/were seated
• उपविष्टौ: कर्ता-विशेषण (Predicate to subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-विश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle) from √उपविश्; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; used predicatively ‘having sat down/being seated’

• कथाः: stories/talks
• कथाः: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कथा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• काश्चित्: some
• काश्चित्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अनिश्चित/अनिर्दिष्ट सर्वनाम (indefinite), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; ‘some’ qualifying कथाः

• चक्रतुः: they two did/made
• चक्रतुः: क्रिया (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), द्विवचन

• वैश्य-पार्थिवौ: the vaiśya and the king
• वैश्य-पार्थिवौ: कर्ता (Apposition to तौ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्य (प्रातिपदिक) + पार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमास (itaretara-dvandva); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; two persons: a vaiśya and a king

Speakers

• Markandeya narrating

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Guru-śiṣya etiquette
• Dharma of approach
• Narrative transition

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Spiritual inquiry is framed within dharmic conduct—humility, proper approach, and readiness to listen are prerequisites for receiving instruction.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Frame-narrative connective tissue; not part of the five-lakṣaṇa taxonomy.

What is the esoteric significance?

Outer etiquette mirrors inner alignment: ‘fitting’ speech and posture symbolize the mind being oriented toward śraddhā (trust) and receptivity.